熔融尿素法提取废弃羊毛角蛋白的机制  

Mechanism of extracting keratin from waste wool by molten urea method

作　　者：萨如拉 曹蝶 张志洁 杨晓雪 邢佳佳 刘爽 宋媛媛 SA Rula;CAO Die;ZHANG Zhijie;YANG Xiaoxue;XING Jiajia;LIU Shuang;SONG Yuanyuan(College of Chemistry and Life Science,Chifeng University,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 024000,China)

机构地区：[1]赤峰学院化学与生命科学学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2023年第9期51-57,共7页Wool Textile Journal

基　　金：内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY21121);蒙东地区生物资源开发利用创新团队项目(CFXYKYCXTD202008);赤峰学院一流学科建设项目(CFXYYLXK202102);赤峰学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110138010)。

摘　　要：为了优化熔融尿素法提取羊毛角蛋白工艺并阐明羊毛角蛋白在熔融尿素中溶解机制,文章以时间、温度及羊毛/尿素质量比为变量进行提取试验,并利用白蛋白模拟羊毛角蛋白化学键和结构与熔融尿素反应,分析降解度和反应产物结构。结果表明:羊毛与尿素质量比1∶12.5、提取温度160℃、提取时间20 min时,羊毛溶解率为86.32%;随温度增加、时间延长角蛋白提取率均降低;白蛋白与熔融尿素反应降解成氨基酸,氨基酸进一步与尿素反应成乙内酰脲环。羊毛角蛋白与熔融尿素在高温、长时间的作用下更容易降解;推测反应机制为熔融尿素先切断羊毛角蛋白N端肽键,释放氨基酸,最终羊毛角蛋白被降解成低分子蛋白、肽、氨基酸。In order to optimize the process of extracting keratin from waste wool using the molten urea method and to elucidate the dissolution mechanism of wool keratin in molten urea.The extraction experiments were conducted using time,temperature,and wool/urea mass ratio as variables.Additionally,albumin was utilized to simulate the reaction of wool keratin chemical bonds and structures with molten urea,and the degree of degradation and the structure of the reaction product were analyzed.The results show that the dissolution rate of wool is 86.32% when the mass ratio of wool to urea is 1∶12.5,extraction temperature is 160℃ and extraction time is 20 min.The extraction rate of keratin decreases with increasing temperature and prolonging time.Albumin reacts with molten urea to degrade into amino acids,which further react with urea to form hydantoin rings.Wool keratin and molten urea are more easily degraded under high temperature and long time.It is speculated that the reaction mechanism is that fused urea first cuts the N-terminal peptide bond of wool keratin,releases amino acids,and finally degrades wool keratin into low molecular protein,peptide and amino acid.

关 键 词：废弃羊毛 角蛋白提取 熔融尿素法 白蛋白 透析 

分 类 号：TS139[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]