不同机种飞行人员睡眠质量与职业压力及职业倦怠的相关性  

CORRELATION OF SLEEP QUALITY WITH OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND JOB BURNOUT IN FLIGHT CREWS OF DIFFE- RENT AIRCRAFTTYPES

作　　者：林爽 潘向荣 田建全 王鹏 王正 郑红霞 LIN Shuang;PAN Xiangrong;TIAN Jianquan;WANG Peng;WANG Zheng;ZHENG Hongxia(Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]海军青岛特勤疗养中心,山东青岛266071 [2]海军特色医学中心

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（医学版）》2023年第4期585-588,共4页Journal of Qingdao University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：军队后勤科研计划面上项目(CKJ16J050,CKJ17J018)。

摘　　要：目的了解不同机种飞行人员睡眠质量现状及职业压力、职业倦怠各维度中主要影响因素,为有针对性提供职业卫生保健提供依据。方法随机选取二代机、三代机、四代机飞行人员及地面工作人员(对照组)各100名,分别使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、职业压力量表和职业倦怠量表进行睡眠、压力和心理状态的测评,对睡眠质量及相关危险因素进行分析。结果飞行人员主观睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、日间功能障碍及PSQI总分明显高于对照组(F=22.537~57.732,P<0.05),二代机、三代机、四代机组间差异有显著性(P<0.05);飞行人员人际关系、特殊生活、工作压力、压力情景及职业压力总分明显高于对照组,二代机、三代机、四代机组间差异有显著性(F=34.745~56.738,P<0.05);飞行人员情感耗竭、成就感低落及职业倦怠总分明显高于对照组,二代机、三代机、四代机组间差异有显著性(F=33.462~69.238,P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,人际关系和情感耗竭对睡眠质量的影响有统计学意义(β=0.658、0.717,P<0.01)。结论飞行人员普遍存在睡眠问题,其严重程度与机种及职业压力有一定相关性,针对改善人际关系和情感耗竭的心理卫生保健可能对改善睡眠质量有一定的帮助。Objective To investigate the current sleep quality and main influencing factors amongvarious dimensions of occupational stress and job burnout in flight crews of different aircraft types,and to provide a basis for targeted provision of occupational health care.Methods One hundredmembers each were randomly selected from the flight crews of the second-generation,third-generation,and fourth-generation aircrafts and ground staff(control group).Sleep quality,stress,and psychological state were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Occupational Stress Scale,and Job Burnout Scale,and the sleep quality and related risk factors were analyzed.Results The total scores of subjective sleep quality,sleep onset time,sleep time,sleep efficiency,daytime dysfunction,and PSQI were significantly higher in the flight crewsthan in the control group(F=22.537-57.732,P<0.05),with significant differences between the flightcrews of the second-generation,third-generation,and fourth-ge-neration aircrafts(P<0.05).The total scores of interpersonal relationship,special life,work stress,stress scenario,and occupational stress were significantly higher in the flight screws than in the control group,with significant differences between the flight screws of the second-generation,third-generation,and fourth-ge-neration aircrafts(F=34.745-56.738,P<0.05).The total scores of emotional exhaustion,low sense ofpersonal accomplishment,and job burnout were significantly higher in the flight crews than in the control group,with significant differences between the flight crews of the second-generation,third-generation,and fourth-generation aircrafts(F=33.462-69.238,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that interpersonal relationship and emotional exhaustion had statistically significant impacts on sleep quality(β=0.658,P<0.01;β=0.717,P<0.01).Conclusion Flightcrew members are prone to sleep problems,the severity of which may becorrelated with aircraft type and occupational stress.Psychological health care targeted at improving

关 键 词：入睡和睡眠障碍 调查和问卷 飞行员 职业群体 

分 类 号：R856[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]