强还原土壤灭菌法(RSD)对火龙珠连作土壤线虫群落的影响  

Effects of Reductive Soil Disinfestation on Nematode Community in Continuous Cropping Soil of Hypericum

作　　者：徐晨伟 袁玉娟 朱佳双 李亚 XU Chenwei;YUAN Yujuan;ZHU Jiashuang;LI Ya(Faculty of Environment and Bioengineering,Nantong College of Science and Technology,Nantong 226007,China;School of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南通科技职业学院环境与生物工程学院,江苏南通226007 [2]南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第10期22-29,共8页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助;南通市科技计划项目(JC2021155,MS12021088)。

摘　　要：为寻求一种有效、快速、经济、环保的防治观赏植物线虫病害的技术方法,以强还原土壤灭菌法(Reductive soil disinfestation,RSD)为技术手段,以云南省火龙珠连作线虫病害高发土壤为研究对象,设置4个处理,即添加液体糖蜜的RSD处理(6 t·hm^(-2),MO)、可溶性糖粉的RSD处理(3 t·hm^(-2),SS)、甘蔗渣的RSD处理(15 t·hm^(-2),SB)和不做任何处理的对照(CK),研究RSD处理对土壤线虫数量及线虫群落的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,RSD处理均可以有效杀灭土壤中根结线虫和螺旋线虫,对螺旋线虫和根结线虫的抑制率分别为75.5%~84.4%和89.1%~93.1%。同时,RSD处理后食细菌线虫相对丰度显著上升,植食性线虫数量及相对丰度显著降低,自由生活线虫成熟指数和瓦斯乐斯卡指数显著提高,植食性线虫成熟指数显著降低,且SB处理的效果最为明显。此外,相关性分析表明RSD处理介导的土壤pH和硝态氮含量变化是影响线虫群落多样性的主要环境因子。RSD处理能够有效缓解土壤酸化、次生盐渍化,改善土壤线虫群落结构,是防治土壤线虫病害的有效农业措施。Plant-parasites nematodes are one of the most important diseases threatening crop growth.In order to seek an effective,fast,economical,and environmentally friendly technical method for controlling nematode diseases in ornamental plants,reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)as a technology of soil treatment,the soil with high incidence of nematode disease after continuous cultivation of Hypericum in Yunnan Province were taken as the research object,the effects of RSD treatments on soil nematode abundance and nematode community were studied.Four treatments were set up in the experiment including RSD incorporated with liquid molasses(6 t·ha^(-1),MO),soluble sugar powder(3 t·ha^(-1),SS),solid bagasse(15 t·ha^(-1),SB)and control without any treatment(CK).Results showed that,RSD treatments could effectively reduced both Meloidogyne spp.and Helicotylenchus spp.,the inhibition rates were 89.1%-93.1%and 75.5%-84.4%,respectively.RSD treatments effectively increased the relative abundance of bacterivores and decreased the relative abundance of fungivores.The values of MI and WI increased significantly,while the PPI decreased significantly,and the effect of SB treatment was the most obvious.In addition,the results of correlation analysis showed that the changes of soil pH and nitrate content mediated by RSD treatments were the main environmental factors affecting the diversity of nematode communities.Therefore,it can be concluded that RSD can effectively relieve soil acidification and secondary salinization,improve the nematode community structure,which is an effective agricultural measure to control soil nematode disease.

关 键 词：强还原土壤灭菌法 植食性线虫 线虫群落 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]