黑龙江省西部盐碱核心区大豆生产现状与技术需求  

Current Situation and Technical Requirements of Soybean Production in Saline-Alkali Areas in Western Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：周长军[1] 吴耀坤[1] 于吉东[1] 马兰[1] 李建英[1] 刘冰[1] 张必弦[2] 任洪雷[2] ZHOU Changjun;WU Yaokun;YU Jidong;MA Lan;LI Jianying;LIU Bing;ZHANG Bixian;REN Honglei(Daqing Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Daqing Comprehensive Test Station of National Soybean Industrial Technology System,Daqing 163316,China;Soybean Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院/国家大豆产业技术体系大庆综合试验站,黑龙江大庆163316 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第10期72-77,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2023-1-B004);黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程重大需求科技创新攻关项目;国家大豆产业技术体系大庆综合试验站(CARS-04-CES07)。

摘　　要：松嫩平原盐碱区是黑龙江省西部传统的大豆主产区,随着2019年中央一号文件“大豆振兴计划”,2022年中央一号文件“大力实施大豆和油料产能提升工程”的实施,该地区大豆种植面积明显增加,但大豆单产始终处于较低水平,极大限制了大豆产业的发展和种植的经济效益。本文通过阐述松嫩平原盐碱地区大豆生产特点、平均单产和种植面积变化、玉米大豆种植收益比较、主栽品种应用和高效技术创建高产典型,来分析土壤地力条件、品种抗病耐逆性、集约标准化生产、加工附加值低等大豆生产中的制约因素,并提出了大豆生产发展的建议与对策,以指导盐碱地区大豆科学高效生产。The saline alkali area of Songnen Plain is the traditional main soybean producing area in the West of Heilongjiang Province.With the implementation of the No.1 Central Document"Soybean Revitalization Plan"in 2019 and the No.1 Central Document"Vigorously Implementing the Soybean and Oil Production Capacity Improvement Project"in 2022,the soybean planting area in this area has increased significantly,but the soybean yield has always been at a low level,which greatly limits the development of the soybean industry and the economic benefits of planting.This paper expounded the characteristics of soybean production in the saline and alkaline areas of Songnen Plain,the changes of average yield per unit area and planting area,the comparison of corn and soybean planting income,the application of main varieties and the establishment of high yield models by efficient technologies.To analyze the restrictive factors in soybean production such as soil fertility conditions,disease resistance and stress tolerance of varieties,intensive and standardized production,and low processing added value,and put forward suggestions and countermeasures for the development of soybean production to guide the scientific and efficient production of soybean in saline-alkali areas.

关 键 词：松嫩平原 盐碱地 大豆 品种应用 高产典型 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]