铜离子胁迫对淡水石首鱼幼鱼急性毒性、抗氧化及免疫相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of copper ion stress on acute toxicity,antioxidation and immune related enzyme activities of juvenile Aplodinotus grunniens

作　　者：吕国华 郑冰清 马学艳[1,2] 金武[1,2] 李红霞[1,2] 宋长友[1,2] 徐跑 顾若波[1,2] 闻海波[1,2] L Guohua;ZHENG Bingqing;MA Xueyan;JIN Wu;LI Hongxia;SONG Changyou;XU Pao;GU Ruobo;WEN Haibo(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214128,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214128 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第5期939-948,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(20)2025];中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心中央基本业务费(2020JBFR02,2020JBFR03,2021JBFM13);中国水产科学研究院长江特色水生动物繁养创新团队项目(2020TD62)。

摘　　要：[目的]本研究旨在探究铜离子对淡水石首鱼幼鱼毒性效应的机制,完善铜离子对鱼的生态毒理学研究并指导淡水石首鱼的健康养殖。[方法]在(17±1)℃曝气自来水中,采用等间对数法在0.1~1.5 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)范围内选取5个梯度探究Cu^(2+)浓度对淡水石首鱼幼鱼死亡率的影响;选取0.197 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)进行96 h胁迫试验并取样,测定其过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATP酶(Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase)、α-淀粉酶(α-AMS)、脂肪酶(LP)和胃蛋白酶(PP)活性和皮质醇(COR)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。[结果]Cu^(2+)胁迫淡水石首鱼幼鱼96 h死亡概率的回归方程为Y=1.4355X+0.0382,(R^(2)=0.8273),半致死浓度为0.291 mg·L^(-1),安全浓度为0.029 mg·L^(-1)。Cu^(2+)胁迫对CAT、SOD、GPx、GSH、ALT、AST、Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase、α-AMS、LP、PP等酶活性和COR、MDA含量及T-AOC影响显著。在受到Cu^(2+)胁迫后SOD、GPx、GSH、Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase、α-AMS、LP、PP活性和COR含量及T-AOC均显著上升,在4 h时达到最大,随后不同程度下降,其中T-AOC和Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase、α-AMS活性在96 h又恢复正常水平。CAT活性在48 h显著高于对照组,96 h又恢复正常。MDA含量及ALT和AST活性受Cu^(2+)胁迫后不断升高,MDA含量从4 h开始,ALT和AST活性从12 h开始显著高于对照组,并均在96 h达到最大值。[结论]Cu^(2+)对淡水石首鱼幼鱼的危害等级为剧毒,0.197 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)胁迫对肝脏抗氧化酶、鳃Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATP酶和肠道消化酶活性均产生显著影响,对SOD、GPx、GSH、Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase、α-AMS、PP等酶活性和COR含量及T-AOC起到先促进后抑制作用,对CAT、ALT、AST、LP酶活性和MDA含量起到促进作用。CAT应激响应速度较其他抗氧化酶滞后,SOD是受到Cu^(2+)胁迫最敏感的抗氧化酶,可作为鱼类早期Cu^([Objectives]The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of the toxic effect of copper ions on the juvenile Aplodinotus grunniens,improve the ecotoxicological study of copper ions on fish,and guide the healthy breeding of A.grunniens.[Methods]In(17±1)℃aerated tap water,five gradients were selected in the concentration range of 0.1-1.5 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)by using the equal logarithm method to explore the effect of Cu^(2+)concentration on the mortality of juvenile A.grunniens;0.197 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)concentration was selected for 96 h stress test,and samples were taken to determine catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),glutathione(GSH),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase,α-amylase(α-AMS),lipase(LP),pepsin(PP)enzyme activities and cortisol(COR),malondialdehyde(MDA)content.[Results]The regression equation of 96 h death probability of juvenile A.grunniens under Cu^(2+)stress was Y=1.4355 X+0.0382,(R^(2)=0.8273),the half lethal concentration was 0.291 mg·L^(-1),and the safe concentration was 0.029 mg·L^(-1).Effects of Cu^(2+)stress on activities of CAT,SOD,GPX,GSH,ALT,AST,Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase,α-AMS,LP,PP and contents of COR,MDA and T-AOC were significantly affected.Activities of SOD,GPX,GSH,Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase,α-AMS,LP,PP and content of COR and T-AOC increased significantly,reached the maximum at 4 h,and then decreased to different degrees,including T-AOC,Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase,α-AMS which returned to normal level at 96 h.CAT activity was significantly higher than that of the control group at 48 h and returned to normal at 96 h.MDA content,ALT and AST activities increased continuously after Cu^(2+)stress,MDA content was significantly higher than that of the control group from 4 h,ALT and AST activity from 12 h,and reached the maximum at 96 h.[Conclusions]The damage level of Cu^(2+)to the juvenile of A.grunniens was highly toxic.0.197 mg·L^(-1)Cu^(2+)concentration stress had a significant effect on

关 键 词：淡水石首鱼幼鱼 Cu 2+胁迫 急性毒性 抗氧化酶 消化酶 

分 类 号：S964.3[农业科学—水产养殖] X503.225[农业科学—水产科学]