一种免棱镜全站仪的泄洪水面动态观测新方法  

A Novel Method of Free Flood Surface Dynamic Measurement by Non-prism Total Station

作　　者：魏海[1] 杨海娇 罗永钦 周俊毅 乔婧艺 WEI Hai;YANG Haijiao;LUO Yongqin;ZHOU Junyi;QIAO Jingyi(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Shanghai Municipal Water Construction Project Safety and Quality Supervision Center Station,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]上海市水务建设工程安全质量监督中心站,上海200030

出　　处：《水力发电》2023年第10期97-101,120,共6页Water Power

摘　　要：针对现有测量方法无法高效地进行动态观测泄洪水面线的不足,提出了一种免棱镜全站仪的水位线测量方法。首先,在待观测的水面线上方附近确定一容易观测点作为工作基点,利用全站仪测得工作基点的高程以及与测站间的距离;然后,瞄准待测的动态水面,并及时测得待测点的水平角和竖直角;最后,利用待测点与工作基点的三角关系,推算出待测点与工作基点间的高差,得出水面线的高程。该方法可以克服观测点位于波浪区内,反射信号弱、出露时间极短无法直接测量待测点的高程问题,实现波浪影响区内点的实时、快速、高效的测量。In order to overcome the disadvantage of a traditional measurement method not dynamically measuring free flood surface,the dynamic measurement method of the free flood surface based on non-prism total station(TS)is proposed.Firstly,a special point above flood surface to be measured,which can be found to be easily observed,is selected to consider as working base point,which distance from observation station is measured by TS.Then,the telescope of TS is used to dynamically aim at dynamic flood surface,and promptly record horizontal angle and vertical angle by TS.Finally,based on triangle relationship of observation point and working base point,the elevation difference between observation point and working base point is calculated by theory formula presented in this study,and the elevation of flood surface can be obtained as well.This method can overcome the drawbacks of weak reflected signal and the very short exposure time of the observation point located in the water wave rapidly fluctuating,therefore,this method can achieve a rapid measurement of observation point in the wave area.

关 键 词：免棱镜全站仪 泄洪水面线 动态观测 新方法 工作基点 三角关系 

分 类 号：P204[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]