CO_(2)管道泄漏减压特性与裂纹扩展研究现状及发展趋势  

Status and development trends of research on CO_(2)decompression characteristics and crack propagation

作　　者：殷布泽 黄维和[2] 苗青 闫锋 欧阳欣 胡其会[1] 宋光春[1] 李玉星[1] YIN Buze;HUANG Weihe;MIAO Qing;YAN Feng;OUYANG Xin;HU Qihui;SONG Guangchun;LI Yuxing(College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China)//Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation Safety;China National Petroleum Corporation;PipeChina Institute of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院·山东省油气储运安全重点实验室 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司 [3]国家管网集团科学技术研究总院分公司

出　　处：《油气储运》2023年第9期1042-1054,共13页Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“战略性科技创新合作”专项“区域二氧化碳捕集与封存关键技术研发与示范”,2022YFE0206800;国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司科技专项“超临界CO_(2)管道输送工艺与安全技术”,SSCC202107。

摘　　要：管道适合长距离、大输量的运输,是碳捕集、封存与利用(Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage,CCUS)技术中连接碳源和碳汇的关键环节。但由于CO_(2)特殊的减压特性,CO_(2)长输管道在运行过程中发生泄漏后极易产生管材持续性裂纹扩展。为此,从试验、理论研究及数值模拟3个方面综述了国内外对CO_(2)泄漏减压特性与裂纹扩展方面的研究现状,归纳总结不同状态方程、杂质因素、理论模型对泄漏减压特性的适应性,以及不同规模、初始条件与相态、杂质含量、泄漏方式下泄漏减压的试验成果。进而分析了不同相态、初始条件、管材、杂质含量及种类等因素对裂纹扩展的影响,并对比分析不同的CO_(2)管道裂纹扩展理论模型及其适用范围,以及裂纹扩展与流固耦合数值模拟方法。最后对未来亟需进一步开展研究的内容进行展望,以期为中国CO_(2)管道泄漏与裂纹扩展研究提供借鉴,从而促进并提升CCUS安全保障技术水平。Pipelines are suitable for long-distance and high-volume transportation and thus become the key link of Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage(CCUS)technology to connect the carbon sources and sinks.However,due to the special decompression characteristics of CO_(2),continuous crack propagation is highly likely to occur in long-distance CO_(2)pipelines after leakage during the operation.Thus,the research status on the leakage-induced decompression characteristics and crack propagation of CO_(2)pipelines at home and abroad was comprehensively reviewed from the three aspects of the test,theoretical research and numerical simulation.Then,summarization was made for the adaptability of different equations of state,impurity factors and theoretical models to the leakage-induced decompression characteristics,as well as the test results of leakageinduced decompression in different scales,initial conditions,phase states,impurity contents and leakage modes.On this basis,the effects of different phase states,initial conditions,pipe materials,impurity contents and types on crack propagation were analyzed.Besides,a comparison was performed for different theoretical models of crack propagation in CO_(2)pipelines and their application scope,as well as the numerical simulation methods for crack propagation and fluid–structure interaction.Finally,a prospect was made for the contents to be further researched in an urgent way,so as to provide references to the research on CO_(2)pipeline leakage and crack propagation in China,thereby facilitating to improve the CCUS technology level for safety guarantee.

关 键 词：CO_(2) 长输管道 减压波 裂纹扩展 爆破试验 全尺寸 数值模拟 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] TE09