“情境关联论”视域下的借代  

The theory of feeling⁃situation correlation for the study of Jiedai

作　　者：杨玉倩 何爱晶 YANG Yuqian;HE Aijing(Institute of Kligher Education,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海市200433 [2]广州大学,广东省广州市510006

出　　处：《外文研究》2023年第3期42-48,107,共8页Foreign Studies

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2020年度一般项目“英语阅读素养的心智探析及培养策略研究”(GD20CWY07)。

摘　　要：借代并不对真实状况做如实记录,而是通过情境的关联和想象进行类比推理,将说话人意欲表达的真实目的蕴含在修辞性的表达中,用借代的词语表达出来。借代的基本特征是以一事物的概念替代另一事物的概念做出表达。借代可分人为规定的“只代不喻”和非人为规定的“又喻又代”两种。在此基础上,从所用语词来看又可分为三类:普通语词借代、喻体借代、别称借代。本文拟运用“情境关联论”对这三类借代进行统一的解释和说明,“情境关联论”认为,任何话语表达的“境”同“情”总是关联在一起的,意义就是从“境-情关联”中析出的。话语主体通过对“境”内之“景”进行推断,获得对其情与理的认识,从而产生借代。借代是一个代谢的过程,是语言机体与其环境之间的物质和信息的交换,以实现语言运用代谢更新,使语言表达获得新意。Jiedai is not a direct and truthful recording of the real situation,but is processed through association and imagination,the real purpose of the speaker being implied in the rhetorical ex⁃pression.The basic characteristic of jiedai is to make use of the concept of one thing by the con⁃cept of another.Generally speaking,the use of jiedai expression may be divided into two types:artificially⁃coined expression and figuratively⁃made expression;and from the point view of the words used,jiedai expression may be further divided into three kinds:the jiedai made from an ordinary expression,that made from a figurative expression,and that made from an alternative name.The present paper tries the“theory of feeling⁃situation correlated with each other”for a unified analysis and explanation of the types.“Theory of feeling⁃situation correlated with each other”holds that the feeling and the situation are correlated with each other in any linguistic expressions,out of which the meaning of the linguistic expression is generated.The user of the expression arrives at the understanding of the feeling and reason from the inference of the state of affairs in the situation,thus generating the object of the jiedai expression.Jiedai is actually a metabolic process,which is the exchange of substances and information between the language organism and the environment to achieve self⁃metabolic renewal and make new language expres⁃sion.

关 键 词：借代 情境关联 只代不喻 又代又喻 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]