对巧克力相变迟滞现象的理论解释——朗道-德冯谢亚理论以及铁电相变理论  

THEORETICAL EXPLANATION FOR THE HYSTERESIS PHENOMENON OF CHOCOLATE PHASE TRANSITION-LANDAU DE VONSEIA THEORY AND FERROELECTRIC PHASE TRANSITION THEORY

作　　者：李昕玥 王梓烨 秦亦沙 李家驹 方爱平 田蓬勃 冯俊 蒋臣威 张修兴[2] 王小力[1] LI Xinyue;WANG Ziye;QIN Yisha;Li Jiaju;FANG Aiping;TIAN Pengbo;FENG Jun;JIANG Chenwei;ZHANG Xiuxing;WANG Xiao-li(School of Physics,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049;School of Physics and Electrical Engineering,Weinan Normal University,Weinan,Shaanxi 714099)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学物理学院,陕西西安710049 [2]渭南师范学院物理与电气工程学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《物理与工程》2023年第4期60-65,共6页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：2021年度高等学校热学课程教学研究项目(JZW-21-RX-06);渭南师范学院教育科学研究项目(2020JYKX021)。

摘　　要：巧克力作为生活中常见的事物,其储存方法一直是食品科学界研究的重要课题,而由相变产生的巧克力凝固和融化等现象对巧克力的储存产生了决定性的影响;但由于巧克力的成分复杂且晶体结构多变,目前只在生活中实现了控制巧克力保持良好性状的储存,而鲜少有研究分析其背后存在的相变机理。研究中首先基于朗道-德冯谢亚理论,使用序参量描述了影响相变的相关因素,初步解释了巧克力相变当中存在的迟滞现象;而后进行了相关实验,提出了一种对朗道理论的修正来解释实验现象;最后,通过研究巧克力的主要成分可可脂晶体的铁电相变,对德冯谢亚理论中未作出解释的势垒产生做出了阐述。As a common thing in life,the storage method of chocolate has always been an important subject of research in food science.The phenomenon of chocolate solidification and melting caused by phase change has a decisive impact on the storage of chocolate;However,due to the complex composition and variable crystal structure of chocolate,it is currently only achieved in daily life to control the storage of chocolate to maintain good properties,and there is little research to analyze the phase transition mechanism behind it.Firstly,based on the Landau de Vonseia theory,the relevant factors affecting phase transition were described using order parameters,and the hysteresis phenomenon in chocolate phase transition was preliminarily explained;Subsequently,relevant experiments were conducted and a modification to Landau's theory was proposed to explain the experimental phenomenon;Finally,by studying the ferroelectric phase transition of cocoa butter crystal,the main component of chocolate,the generation of potential barrier that has not been explained in De Vonseyer's theory is expoun-ded.

关 键 词：巧克力相变 朗道二级相变理论 铁电物理 

分 类 号：O469[理学—凝聚态物理]