永康市生活饮用水中12种污染物的健康风险评价  

Health risk assessment of 12 pollutants in drinking water in Yongkang city

作　　者：杨柳桦[1] 金旻宇 孙烨[1] 赵锦丽[1] 林滔[1] YANG Liu-hua;JIN Min-yu;SUN Ye;ZHAO Jin-li;LIN Tao(不详;Yongkang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 321300,China)

机构地区：[1]永康市疾病预防控制中心,浙江321300 [2]浙江中医药大学

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2023年第17期2148-2152,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：永康市科学技术研究计划项目(202041)。

摘　　要：目的 评价永康市饮用水中铅、砷等12种污染物经饮水途径对人体的健康风险,为饮用水健康风险管理提供理论依据。方法 2022年根据永康市8大供水厂的供水范围,选择44个监测点开展监测,分别于丰水期和枯水期采集共198份水样,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750—2006)进行检测。运用US EPA推荐的健康风险评价模型,定量分析永康市饮用水中As、Se、Hg、Cd、Cr(Ⅵ)、Pb、Cu、Zn、Fe、Al及CHCl_(3)、CCl_(4)的非致癌风险值和致癌风险值。结果 2022年永康市水源水、出厂水、末梢水中,除2份末梢水铁含量不合格外,其余上述11种污染物含量均符合GB 5749—2006限值,总体合格率为98.99%。居民摄入自来水非致癌总风险值为0.934,处于可接受范围内;总致癌风险值为3.204×10^(-5),存在潜在的致癌风险;其中砷的暴露对非致癌风险和致癌风险贡献率均最大,三氯甲烷的致癌风险也高于10^(-6)的可接受风险。总体风险值水源水>末梢水>出厂水;丰水期的风险值要高于枯水期。结论 永康市饮用水中经饮水途径暴露铅、砷等12种污染物产生的致癌风险超过可接受风险水平,非致癌风险处于可接受范围;其中砷的健康风险贡献最大。Objective This paper aims to evaluate the health risks of 12 pollutants in drinking water of Yongkang City, so as to provide theoretical basis for the health risk management of drinking water. Methods In 2022, 44 monitoring points of 8 water supply plants in Yongkang city were selected to carry out monitoring. 198 water samples were collected in the wet season and dry season respectively, and the pollutants were tested according to the Standard Test Method for Drinking Water GB/T 5750—2006. Using the health risk assessment model recommended by US EPA, the non-carcinogenic risk value and carcinogenic risk value of As, Se, Hg, Cd, Cr(Ⅵ), Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, CHCl_(3), and CCl_(4) in drinking water were quantitatively analyzed. Results In 2022, in addition that two terminal waters' iron contents were unqualified, the contents of the other 11 pollutants all met the limit values of GB 5749—2006, and the overall qualified rate was 98.99%. The total non-carcinogenic risk value was 0.934, which was within the acceptable range. The total carcinogenic risk value was 3.204×10^(-5), and there was a potential cancer risk. Overall risk value showed source waterterminal waterfactory water. The risk value in wet season was higher than that in dry season. Conclusion The carcinogenic risk caused by the exposure of 12 pollutants in the drinking water of Yongkang City exceeds the acceptable risk level, and the non-carcinogenic risk is within the acceptable range. Arsenic has the greatest contribution to health risk.

关 键 词：重金属 类金属 消毒副产物 健康风险 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]