雷达测波技术在钱塘江涌潮观测中的应用  

Application of Radar Wave Measurement Technology in Tidal Bore Observation at the Qiantang River

作　　者：胡智超 叶建军 王建华 陈刚 潘冬子 HU Zhichao;YE Jianjun;WANG Jianhua;CHEN Gang;PAN Dongzi(Zhejiang Qiantang River Basin Management Center,Hangzhou 310016,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary(Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design),Hangzhou 310017,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省钱塘江流域中心,浙江杭州310016 [2]浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院),浙江杭州310017

出　　处：《浙江水利科技》2023年第5期10-15,共6页Zhejiang Hydrotechnics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42176214);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LZJWZ22E090002);浙江省水利河口研究院院长基金重点项目(ZIHE21Z001);浙江省水利科技计划重大项目(RA2210)。

摘　　要：钱塘江涌潮水动力强劲,水文测验条件恶劣。受测量技术和设备的限制,涌潮现场观测资料稀少。基于调频连续波雷达测波技术,采用高精度的回波反演算法,实现强潮河口涌潮的定点测量。根据长历时的现场观测数据,对钱塘江河口典型河段涌潮的传播特性进行分析。研究结果表明:涌潮局部水动力过程受岸线和江道地形控制;交叉潮具有复杂的水位响应特征,呈现典型的二次抬升过程,水位的变化与两股涌潮的强度、传播方向和间隔时间相关。雷达测波技术实现涌潮过程捕捉的自动化,有利于涌潮要素的准确提取,显著地提高观测精度。The Qiantang River tidal bore has strong hydrodynamic force and severe hydrological test conditions.Due to the limitation of measuring technology and equipment,the field observation data of tidal bore is scarce.Based on the frequency modulation continuous radar wave measurement technology,this paper uses a high-precision echo inversion algorithm to realize the fixed-point measurement of tidal bore in the macro-tidal estuary.According to the long-term field observation data,the propagation characteristics of tidal bore in the typical reach of the Qiantang River estuary are analyzed.The results show that the local hydrodynamic process of tidal bore is controlled by the shoreline and river channel topography.The cross bore has complex water level response characteristics and presents a typical secondary uplift process.The change of water level is related to the intensity,propagation direction and interval time of the two bores.Radar wave measurement technology realizes the automation of tidal bore process capture,which is conducive to the accurate extraction of tidal bore characteristics and significantly improves the observation accuracy.

关 键 词：钱塘江 涌潮 雷达测波技术 数据分析 强潮河口 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]