1949年以来俄国(苏联)对中印边界政策演变历程  

The Change of Russia's(Soviet Union)Policy on the Sino-Indian Border

作　　者：郝江东 HAO Jiangdong

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学社会主义历史与文献研究院、历史学系,200241

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2023年第4期26-35,210,共11页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：新中国成立以来,俄国(苏联)关于中印边界问题的立场,经过几次重大的变化。上个世纪60年代末中苏边界冲突之前,苏联对中印边界问题的立场始终比较谨慎,基本站到中国一边。此后,随着中苏同盟的衰亡、苏印关系发展以及国际形势的变化,苏联对中印边界的立场开始发生变化,至1975年,苏联政府首次正式承认印度对中印争议领土的立场,并据此修订了苏联地图对中印边界线的标示。1978年,苏联政府正式通告印度政府,称苏联所有出版物涉及中印边界东段和中段划法时,都将同印方地图保持一致。这一立场一直延续至今。纵观俄方立场的演变,其背后是中俄(苏)、中印、俄(苏)印关系,乃至整个国际局势的复杂变迁。The purpose of this article is to reveal the change and motivation of Russia's(Soviet Union)position on the Sino-Indian border issue by sorting out the demarcation of the Sino-Indian border on Russian n(Soviet Union)maps since the founding of P.R.China.This article finds that before the Sino-Soviet border conflict in the late 1960s,the Soviet Union's position on the Sino-Indian border issue was always relatively cautious,basically standing on the side of China.However,with the decline of the Sino-Soviet alliance,the development of Soviet-Indian relations,and the changes of the international situation,the Soviet Union's position began to change.In 1975,the Soviet government officially recognized India's claim on the disputed territories between China and India for the first time,and revised the Sino-Indian border line on the Soviet map.In 1978,the Soviet government officially notified the Indian government that all Soviet publications concerning the delineation of the eastern and middle sections of the Sino-Indian border would be consistent with the Indian map.This position has continued to this day.The change of the Russian position has been underpinned by the complex changes in Sino-Russian(Soviet),Sino-Indian,Russian(Soviet)and Indian relations,and eventheentire international situation.

关 键 词：中印边界 苏联地图 中苏关系 麦克马洪线 

分 类 号：K351.5[历史地理—历史学] K512.55[历史地理—世界史] K27[政治法律—政治学] K512.56[政治法律—外交学] D851.2D822D835.1