“双重忠诚”:美国犹太人委员会与以色列政府的交涉及其影响(1948—1950)  

"Dual Loyalty":The Negotiation between the American Jewish Committee andtheIsraeli Government and Its Aftermath(1948-1950)

作　　者：王健 吕游[1] WANG Jian;Lv You

机构地区：[1]上海大学历史系,200444 [2]上海社会科学院国际问题研究所,200020

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2023年第4期102-110,152,211,共11页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：对犹太人“双重忠诚”的指责从公元一世纪开始随着犹太人流散到世界各地而广泛传播,近代以来则成为反犹主义的典型词汇。随着1948年以色列建国,作为非锡安主义犹太人代表的美国犹太人委员会与以色列政府,对以“双重忠诚”问题为核心的美国犹太人与以色列关系定位的交涉持续不断,一直到1950年双方领导人会谈并发表“交换意见”公开声明后才告一段落。然而“双重忠诚”背后的身份认同危机并未真正解决,美国犹太人委员会和以色列政府就“双重忠诚”问题达成的妥协对双方内外关系产生了持久而深远的影响。The accusation on"Dual Loyalty"aagainst Jews spread to every corner of the world with the Jewish Diaspora since the first century,and it has become a typical term of antisemitism in modern times.When the State of Israel established in 1948,the American Jewish Committee,a major non-Zionist Jewish organization in the U.S.,kept negotiating with the Israeli government on the"Dual Loyalty"issue which was at the core of American Jews'relationship with Israel.Such negotiation did not end until the two sides met in 1950 and publicly stated thee"exchange of views".However,the identity crisis behind the"Dual Loyalty"was not truly solved,and it had a lasting and far-reaching impact on the internal and external relations between both parties.

关 键 词：美国犹太人 双重忠诚 以色列 反犹主义 锡安主义 

分 类 号：K712.54[历史地理—历史学] K382.52[历史地理—世界史] D871.2[政治法律—政治学] D838.2[政治法律—外交学]