神主与宋以降徽州社会相关问题探微  

Study on Issues Related to the Spirit Tablet and Huizhou Society after the Song Dynasty

作　　者：李姣[1] LI Jiao(School of History,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《安徽理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期70-77,共8页Journal of Anhui University of Science and Technology:Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目:明清徽州的民间信仰与社会互动的关系研究(19BZJ053);2023年黄山市社会科学创新发展研究课题:神主与清代徽州的宗族建设研究(2023159)。

摘　　要：神主是中华文明中祭祖的重要物质载体。从商周到明清,宗族组织不断发展,成为社会教化体系之中的重要一环;神主及祭祖礼仪也经历了诸多演变,神主之礼贯穿于各种宗族祭祀礼仪之中,规范着社会秩序。徽州是典型的宗族社会,在宋以降徽州宗族组织化过程中,神主不仅发挥了助推各类祠堂建设、强化敬宗收族的作用,同时也具有一定的经济功能,尤其是在咸同兵燹之后,神主在徽州宗族重建过程中的经济功能得到强化。研究表明,神主与宋以降徽州社会有着紧密、深刻的互联互动。The spirit tablet is an important material carrier for ancestor worship in Chinese civilization.From the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties,clan organization gradually popularized,and became a crucial part in the social education system.Moreover,a series of rituals for spirit tablet and ancestor worship were changed,namely that the ritual of the spirit tablet was applied into all kinds of sacrificial rites,which played a role in regulating social order.Huizhou was a typical clan society.In the process of Huizhou clan being organized,the spirit tablet had the effects of promoting the construction of various ancestral temples and strengthening the function of worshiping the ancestor and gathering the clan after the Song Dynasty.Meanwhile,the spirit tablet also had certain economic functions,especially that Huizhou clan was rebuilt after the war havoc during the reign of Xianfeng emperor and Tongzhi emperor,which caused that the economic function of the spirit tablet was strengthened.The research shows that there was a close and profound relationship between the spirit tablet and the Huizhou society after the Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：神主 徽州 祠堂 宗族 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理] K820.9[社会学]