新疆喀什地区新生儿听力筛查及转诊的影响因素分析  

Analysis on the status of newborn hearing screening in Kashi Prefecture,Xinjiang

作　　者：李莉[1,2] 木叶赛尔·阿不都克尤木[1] 马依拉·尼加提 戚敏 LI Li;Muyasser Abdukeyum;Maya Nijati;QI Min(不详;Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First People's Hospital of Kashi Prefecture,Kashi,Xinjiang 844000,China;Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the Third Afiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]喀什地区第一人民医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,新疆喀什844000 [2]中山大学附属第三医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,广东广州510630

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2023年第19期3729-3733,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：新疆喀什地区应用技术研究与开发计划项目(KS2021071)。

摘　　要：目的了解喀什地区新生儿听力筛查工作的变化趋势,对潜在的影响因素进行初步分析,为喀什地区后续新生儿听力筛查工作的优化完善提供参考依据。方法对比喀什地区第一人民医院在2015年、2016年、2017年、2019年及2021年共21150名新生儿听力筛查的初筛率、复筛率以及转诊率,并对没有初筛、复筛及转诊的家庭进行电话随访,了解没有初筛、复筛或转诊的原因。结果随着喀什地区全力推进新生儿听力筛查工作,喀什地区第一人民医院的初筛率从2015年的89.80%提升至2021年的99.93%,复筛率从69.83%提升至83.97%,转诊率从37.50%提升至76.92%,各环节均取得了显著提升。因“费用太高”拒绝初筛或复筛的新生儿比例分别从35.30%和11.76%下降到0%,因“路程遥远”拒绝复筛的新生儿比例也从44.12%下降至20.24%,而“外院检查”则从原来的0%逐步上升到26.19%。不管是初筛、复筛,还是转诊听力诊断,家长的观念依旧是阻碍新生儿听力筛查顺利开展的首要因素。结论喀什地区的新生儿听力筛查推进工作取得了令人满意的结果,但仍有需要进一步完善的内容,提高家长对新生儿听力筛查的认同与接受应该是未来工作的核心内容。Objective To understand the change trend of newborn hearing screening in Kashi Prefecture,conduct a preliminary analysis on potential influencing factors,so as to provide reference for optimization and improvement of follow-up newborn hearing screening work in Kashi Prefecture.Methods The initial screening rate,re-screening rate,and referral rate of hearing screening in 21150 neonates in the First People's Hospital of Kashi Prefecture in 2015,2016,2017,2019,and 2021 were compared,and the newborns without initial screening,re-screening,and referral were folowed up by telephone to understand the reasons.ResultsWith the promotion of newborn hearing screening in Kashi Prefecture,the initial screening rate in the First People's Hospital of Kashi Prefecture increased from 89.80%in 2015 to 99.93%in 2021,re-screening rate increased from 69.83%to 83.97%,the referral rate increased from 37.50%to 76.92%,the improvement was significant.The proportions of those who did not receive initial screening and re-screening due to"high cost"decreased from 35.30%,11.76%to 0%,the proportion of those who did not receive re-screening due to"long distance"decreased from 44.12%to 20.24%,the proportion of those who receive screening in the other hospitals increased from 0%to 26.19%.The concept of parents was stll an important factor hindering the development of newbormn hearing screening.Conclusion The current newborn hearing screening promotion work in Kashi Prefecture has achieved satisfactory results,but there is stll a need for further improvement.Improving parents'recognition and acceptance of newborn hearing screening should be the core content of future work.

关 键 词：喀什地区 新生儿听力筛查 初筛率 复筛率 转诊率 

分 类 号：R715.8[医药卫生—妇产科学]