北京市门头沟流域“23·7”特大暴雨洪水过程分析  

Flood survey of“ 23 · 7 ”heavy rain in Mentougou Watershed of Beijing

作　　者：刘家宏[1,2] 梅超 王佳[1,2] 王东 王浩[1] LIU Jiahong;MEI Chao;WANG Jia;WANG Dong;WANG Hao(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Key Laboratory of River Basin Digital Twinning of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部数字孪生流域重点实验室(筹),北京100038

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2023年第9期50-55,共6页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3090600);国家自然科学基金项目(52192671);国家重点实验室基金(SKL2022TS11);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(WR110145B0022022)。

摘　　要：2023年7月,京津冀地区发生历史罕见特大暴雨,造成北京门头沟区等地出现特大山洪和城市内涝灾害。门头沟流域面积仅37 km2,无常设水文监测站,给洪水分析和灾害复盘带来挑战。结合关键断面的洪水视频监控数据,通过灾后现场调查、测量,结合数字流域模型模拟等,推算得到门头沟流域7月31日最大洪峰流量为512.6 m3/s。洪峰通过期间,控制流域面积90%的中昂时代广场西北跨河桥三孔箱涵的过流能力为215.0~308.9 m3/s,远低于断面最大洪峰流量。建议下一步灾害重建时全面复核北京门头沟、房山等城区山洪沟跨沟桥梁的设计过流能力,考虑极端暴雨洪涝风险,适当提高跨沟桥涵的过流能力,避免因洪水溢流蔓延而造成严重损失。In July 2023,a rare heavy rainstorm occurred in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,which caused heavy flash floods and urban waterlogging disasters in Mentougou and other districts in Beijing.The Mentougou watershed has an area of only 37 km^(2),and there is no available hydrological monitoring station,which brings challenges to flood analysis and simulation.By using the surveillance video of flood processes in key sections,as well as hydrological simulation based on digital watershed model through post-disaster on-site investigation and measurement,the maximum peak discharge of Mentougou watershed was estimated as 512.6 m3/s occurred on July the 31st.During the flood peak process,the discharge under the Northwest Cross River bridge with three hole box culvert near Zhong’ang Times Square,which controls 90%of the watershed area,was between 215.0 m3/s and 308.9 m3/s,which was far lower than this maximum peak discharge of the section.For the future recovery and reconstruction of the disaster,the design flood discharge of the bridges in Mentougou and Fangshan districts should be comprehensively reviewed,and the flood water passage in the section of the bridges should be enlarged so that the extreme rainstorm-flood could pass safely.

关 键 词：海河“23·7”流域性特大洪水 特大暴雨 洪水分析 数字流域模型 门头沟流域 北京市 

分 类 号：TV122.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]