纳米材料在结核病诊疗中的应用  

Application of Nanomaterials for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Therapy

作　　者：戴桂琴 何卓俊 刘德亮 赵鹏飞 廖明凤[2] 宋丽军 杨倩婷[2] 赵文昌 郑明彬 DAI Gui-Qin;HE Zhuo-Jun;LIU De-Liang;ZHAO Peng-Fei;LIAO Ming-Feng;SONG Li-Jun;YANG Qian-Ting;ZHAO Wen-Chang;Zheng Ming-Bin(School of Pharmacy,Guangdong Medical University,Dongguan 523808,China;Institute for Hepatology,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease,Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518112,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China;College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060,China)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学药学院,东莞523808 [2]深圳市第三人民医院(南方科技大学第二附属医院),国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心,肝病研究所,深圳518112 [3]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,中国科学院健康信息学重点实验室,广东省纳米医药重点实验室,深圳518055 [4]深圳大学物理与光电工程学院,深圳518060

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2023年第8期1841-1854,共14页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62005176,81973548);深圳市科技计划(JCYJ20210324115611032);东莞市社会科技发展重点项目(20185071521658);广东医科大学学科建设项目(4SG21009G);广东省普通高校重点领域专项(2022ZDZX2022)资助。

摘　　要：结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性感染性疾病,经过呼吸道感染后侵犯机体器官,严重威胁全球公共卫生。传统结核诊疗手段存在诊断效率低、易误诊漏诊、易产生耐药、治疗效果和患者依从性差等瓶颈问题,亟需开发快速、准确的结核即时诊断(POC)方法和安全、高效的结核治疗方案,切实解决结核防治难题。本文总结了纳米材料在结核病诊疗领域的研究进展及应用前景,旨在为开发新一代安全、快速、有效的结核病诊疗方法提供参考。Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb),which can enter the body and invade body organs via respiratory infection,and is a major threat to global public health.Early-time diagnosis and effective treatment are indispensable for TB control.However,limited by poor specificity,low sensitivity,long culture cycle and high requirements for laboratory equipment,current clinical TB diagnostics usually result in low diagnostic efficiency,misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.On the other hand,poor therapeutic effect of clinical TB treatments is induced by the appearance of Mtb drug resistance(induced by irregular drug supply,poor patient treatment compliance,and improper medication regimens)and low-efficiency anti-TB drug bioavailability(caused by physiological barriers including host cell shielding,granuloma block and biofilm construction).Drug resistance,poor therapeutic effect and poor patient compliance characterize traditional TB treatment strategies,which accelerate the global spread of TB.Hence,rapid,accurate TB point-of-care(POC)diagnosis,and safe,efficient TB treatment methods are urgently needed to control the global TB pandemic.In this review,we summaries that compared with the current diagnostic technologies,nano-diagnostic technologies show great advantages in high sensitivity,specificity and rapid detection,which can superiorly meet with diagnostic needs such as clinical treatment or home monitoring.We also highlight that nanoparticle systems can significantly enhance the bioavailability and targeting of anti-TB drugs.The nanoparticles can help reduce drug administration frequency and toxic side effects,overcoming the limitations of conventional TB therapies.Nanotechnology-based TB diagnosis and anti-TB treatments are still limited by large-scale production,biocompatibility,costeffectiveness,reproducibility,etc.,making it difficult for comprehensive clinical use shortly.Finally,we outline the potential future directions to achieve breakthrough developments.Multidi

关 键 词：结核分枝杆菌 诊断 治疗 疫苗 纳米防控 

分 类 号：Q5[生物学—生物化学] R3[医药卫生—基础医学] R9