碳离子辐射诱导的远隔效应  

Abscopal Effect Induced by Carbon Ions Radiation

作　　者：高玉婷 李媛[1] 金晓东[2] GAO Yu-Ting;LI Yuan;JIN Xiao-Dong(College of Life Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2023年第8期1915-1925,共11页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：中国科学院西部之光交叉团队-重点实验室合作研究专项(人字[2019]90号);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA106,20JR5RA538);西北师范大学2018年度青年教师科研能力提升计划(NWNULKQN-18-11)资助项目。

摘　　要：放射治疗诱导的远隔效应能够抑制非辐射区域内肿瘤的生长,目前已有临床和临床前研究表明,常规放疗射线(X射线、γ射线)能够诱导远隔效应的发生,但是对于其发生的机理以及碳离子诱导的远隔效应研究较少。与常规放疗射线相比,碳离子束具有高传能线密度、高相对生物效应、低氧增强比以及复杂DNA损伤等优势,并且具有激活肿瘤细胞更强免疫原性的潜力。本文综述了常规放疗以及碳离子放射治疗诱导的远隔效应及其机理,为寻找更有效的癌症放疗方法提供参考。The abscopal effect(AE)induced by radiotherapy(RT)can inhibit tumor growth outside of the radiation field,and it was defined as a systemic antitumor response generated by local RT.At present,preclinical and clinical studies have reported that conventional RT rays(X-rays andγ-rays)could lead to immunogenic cell death(ICD)and the release of immunostimulatory factors from irradiated tumor cells,which include tumorassociated antigens(TAAs)and damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).These factors recruit and activate dendritic cells(DCs)and then activate CD8+T cells to become cytotoxic T cell lymphocytes(CTLs).As a result,CTLs kill primary tumors as well as non-irradiated tumor metastases.However,the mechanism of the AE induced by RT is extremely complicated,and there are fewer studies on the roles of macrophages,p53,and exosomes in radiation-induced AE.In addition,compared with conventional RT,carbon ions beam has the advantages of high linear energy transfer(LET),high relative biological effectiveness(RBE),low oxygen enhancement ratio(OER),complex DNA damage,and the potential to activate stronger immunogenicity of tumor cells.Moreover,the mechanism of the AE induced by carbon ions radiotherapy(CIRT)is unclear.This article summarizes the complex molecular mechanisms of AE induced by conventional RT and CIRT,and elucidates the difference between the two radiation types.We found CIRT may lead to increased DAMPs released from irradiated tumor cells,and enhance the inhibition of tumor cell metastasis compared with conventional RT.We therefore propose that CIRT can induce a stronger AE than conventional RT.This article provides a theoretical basis for finding more effective radiotherapeutic approaches in the future.

关 键 词：碳离子放射治疗 远隔效应 免疫原性 损伤相关分子模式 

分 类 号：Q691.5[生物学—生物物理学] R392.1[医药卫生—免疫学]