椎动脉损伤研究现状与法医学应用  

Research of Vertebral Artery Injury about Its Status Quo and Application in Forensic Medicine

作　　者：任鹏 何松林 何柏林[3] REN Peng;HE Songlin;HE Bailin(Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110035,China;Huhhot First Hospital,Hohhot 010031,China;China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院,沈阳110035 [2]呼和浩特第一医院,呼和浩特010031 [3]中国医科大学,沈阳110122

出　　处：《刑事技术》2023年第5期537-542,共6页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(面上项目)(LJKZ0081);中国刑事警察学院博士科研启动基金(D2021027);中国刑事警察学院科研项目(D2020025)。

摘　　要：椎动脉损伤发生率较低,死亡率高。椎动脉位于横突孔内,周围解剖结构复杂,损伤初期症状可不明显,随病程进展可表现为头痛、呕吐、感觉和意识障碍等神经功能改变,严重者可致命。临床诊疗中颈椎外科手术也可致椎动脉损伤,法医学检验中需重视。椎动脉损伤分为钝性损伤和穿透性损伤,其损伤方式多样,直接外力、牵拉、扭转、血管内压力骤增等多种机制并存。通过解剖检验与影像学技术检查椎动脉各段,有助于发现椎动脉损伤,有助于分析椎动脉损伤机制和致伤过程。本文对椎动脉损伤加以综述,以提高对椎动脉损伤认识并为法医学鉴定提供参考。Vertebral artery injury(VAI),albeit relatively low of its incidence,is of high mortality.Vertebral artery is located in the transverse foramens,always unhurling complex structure under anatomy.Although VAI shows unobvious symptoms at the initial occurrence,its progressing paroxysm would yet lead to headache,vomiting,sensory disorder,inferior consciousness,and other neurological changes,even the fatal effect on final.Sometimes,VAI could be caused from the cervial surgery in clinical diagnosis and treatment,engendering an incident that forensic appraisal would be put up and/or of awareness.VAI can presumably turn up the blunt and/or penetrating injury,showing miscellaneous looks with direct injury,traction,torsion,sudden increase of intravascular pressure,and sometimes coexistence of multiple mechanisms.VAI can be analyzed of its resulting mechanism and progression through the examination of forensic autopsy and radiology into each segment of vertebral artery.VAI was here reviewed with purpose to improve the understanding about it and provide references for forensic peers.

关 键 词：法医病理学 椎动脉 穿透性/钝性椎动脉损伤 

分 类 号：D919.4[医药卫生—法医学]