黄河三角洲实验区表层沉积物重金属污染特征及防控策略  

Characteristics and control strategies of heavy metal pollution in surfacesediments of the Yellow River Delta experimental zone

作　　者：杨清香[1] 李小庆 于淼成 孟颖 谢馥宇 袁庆科 郄雨康 张大磊[3] 栾富波 YANG Qingxiang;LI Xiaoqing;YU Miaocheng;MENG Ying;XIE Fuyu;YUAN Qingke;QIE Yukang;ZHANG Dalei;LUAN Fubo(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China;Key Laboratory of Drinking water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Environment and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,新乡453007 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085 [3]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第7期2424-2432,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1904205,41977280,51808541);中国-斯里兰卡水技术研究与示范联合中心,中国科学院中国-斯里兰卡联合科教中心;“一带一路”国际科学组织联盟资助项目(ANSO-CR-KP-2020-05)。

摘　　要：分析了黄河三角洲实验区内表层沉积物中重金属的空间分布特征,评价了其污染状况和生态风险,并根据评价结果提出了相应的重金属污染防控措施。结果表明:表层沉积物(0~20 cm)中Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni、As和Hg的平均质量分数分别为24.87,73.75,78.16,0.21,25.66,34.66,13.68,0.02 mg·kg^(-1);各重金属均呈现南岸高于北岸的空间分布特征,且所有元素质量分数的最高值均出现在景区“鸟岛”处;内梅罗综合污染指数分析表明,鸟岛属于中污染到重污染,其余采样点均为轻污染;地累积指数评价表明沉积物中Cd和Hg污染相对严重;潜在生态风险指数表明研究区总体属于轻微-中等生态危害。黄河三角洲邻近核心区的实验区表层沉积物中重金属综合污染程度较低,但存在局部污染较重的区域,Cd和Hg是主要的潜在生态风险因子。基于以上研究结果,建议针对黄河三角洲实验区采取预防为主的防控策略,同时应加强区内Cd和Hg的监测并适时开展修复工作。This study was to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics for the selected heavy metals in surface sediments from the experimental zone of the Yellow River delta and evaluate their pollution condition and ecological risks.The results showed that the average concentration of Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd,Pb,Ni,As,and Hg in surface sediments(0~20 cm)were 24.87,73.75,78.16,0.21,25.66,34.66,13.68,and 0.02 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.The contents of selected heavy metals were higher in the surface sediment from the south bank than that from the north bank,while the maximum contents of metals were observed at scenic spot“Bird Island”located on the south bank.According to the analysis of the Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index(IPI),Bird Island was classified as being in the range of moderate to heavy pollution,while the rest of the sampling points were classified as light pollution.In addition,the Ground Accumulation Index(GAI)indicated that Cd and Hg contamination in the surface sediments were relatively serve.The Potential Ecological Risk Index(PERI)implied that the overall ecological hazard in the study area was categorized as slight to moderate.In summary,the pollution of heavy metals in surface sediments from the experimental zone of the Yellow River Delta was relatively low.However,Cd and Hg were the main potential ecological risk factors in the specific site with intensive heavy metal pollution.Based on the above findings,this study suggested that the prevention strategy should be adopted in the experimental area of Yellow River Delta,and the prevention,control and restoration of Cd and Hg should be strengthened.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 重金属 空间分布 潜在生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]