甘薯抗旱品系(种)的筛选及其生理特征分析  

Screening Drought-resistant Sweetpotato Breeding Lines and Analysis of Their Physiological Characteristics

作　　者：宗继锴 陈培涛 罗青青 赵腾飞 高纪龙 秦瑞华 傅玉凡[1] ZONG Jikai;CHEN Peitao;LUO Qingqing;ZHAO Tengfei;GAO Jilong;QIN Ruihua;FU Yufan(School of Life Science,Southwest University/Engineering and Technology Research Center for Sweetpotato of Chongqing,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院/重庆市甘薯工程技术研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第10期21-31,共11页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-10-SYZ15);重庆市农业农村委薯类科企联合体项目。

摘　　要：采用20%PEG6000霍格兰培养液处理48 h的方法对71个甘薯育种品系和22个品种(统称为品系)茎尖模拟干旱胁迫,根据茎尖生根数(R)、茎尖鲜质量减少度(F)、叶片相对含水量减少度(W)3项指标的隶属函数平均值初步评价93份甘薯育种品系的抗旱能力,并在其中选取7个抗旱能力最强的品系与7个抗旱能力最弱的品系测定干旱胁迫处理后叶片的丙二醛、蛋白质、超氧阴离子、叶绿素a、叶绿素b的质量分数,比较和分析两类群体在干旱胁迫下的生理响应差异,以期筛选出抗旱甘薯新品种和种质资源.结果表明:干旱胁迫下的R,F和W以及抗旱能力初步评价D_(1)值在93个甘薯品系间差异有统计学意义,其中有35个品系抗旱能力优于公认的抗旱品种潮薯1号.7个抗旱能力强品系群体的R,F,W以及丙二醛抗旱系数(M)、叶绿素a抗旱系数(C_(a))和叶绿素b抗旱系数(C_(b))极显著优于7个抗旱能力弱品系群体.通过该干旱胁迫下的形态和生理响应特征的测定分析和抗旱能力综合评价,初步筛选出抗旱种质资源XS161819,21-F-4,21-P-19,绵紫薯9号和抗旱新品种XS160615,可用于进一步大田抗旱鉴定及其分子机制研究.Vine tips of 93 sweetpotato breeding lines(included 22 varieties)were drought stress treated for 48h with 20%PEG6000 in present study.Based on the average value of membership functions derived from the number of rooting(R),the reduction of fresh weight of vine tip(F)and the reduction of relative water content in the leaves(W)after 48h drought stress treatment,the preliminary evaluation results of drought-resistance abilities of 93 sweetpotato lines were obtained.Seven lines from the strongest drought resistance abilities group and seven lines from the weakest drought resistance abilities group were selected for further measurement and analysis of drought-resistance-coefficients of malondialdehyde,protein,superoxide anion,chlorophyll a,and chlorophyll b in leaves under drought stress,and to compare the differences in physiological response of the two groups under drought stress,in order to screening for the new drought-resistant sweetpotato varieties or germplasm resources.The results showed that under drought stress,there were significant differences among sweetpotato lines on(R),(F),(W),and the D_(1)value of drought-resistance.There were 35 lines with better drought-resistance than that of the recognized drought-resistant variety Chaoshu No.1.The(R),(F),(W),drought-resistance-coefficients of malondialdehyde(M),chlorophyll a(C_(a)),and chlorophyll b(C_(b))of the seven strongest drought-resistance lines group were significantly superior to those of the seven weakest drought-resistance lines group.Through comprehensive evaluation of morphological and physiological response characteristics under drought stress among 93 sweetpotato lines,drought-resistant germplasm resources XS161819,21-F-4,21-P-19,Mianzishu No.9,and new variety XS160615 were preliminarily screened out in present study for further field drought resistance identification and related molecular mechanisms study.

关 键 词：甘薯 抗旱性 品系 茎尖生根数 生理指标 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]