植被类型对露天矿复垦土壤微生物固碳潜力及路径的影响  

Effects of Vegetation Types on the Potential and Pathway of Microbial Carbon Sequestration in Reclaimed Soil of Open-pit Mine

作　　者：尤云楠 朱燕峰 陈浮[1,2] 程彦郡 董文雪 马静 YOU Yun-nan;ZHU Yan-feng;CHEN Fu;CHENG Yan-jun;DONG Wen-xue;MA Jing(Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;School of Chemical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿山生态修复教育部工程研究中心,江苏徐州221116 [2]河海大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210098 [3]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2023年第9期1170-1179,共10页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41907405,51974313);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20180641)。

摘　　要：半干旱露天采矿严重破坏生态环境,亟需厘清植被、土壤和微生物之间互作机制,从而挖掘微生物固碳潜力和路径,激发退化生态系统的恢复能力,实现基于自然的解决方案对受损矿山大规模生态修复具有重要意义。为此,采集内蒙古准格尔旗黑岱沟露天矿排土场油松(YS)、油松+杨树(DYS)和油松+杨树+苜蓿(DYX)3种典型复植类型共18个表土样品,利用高通量测序和实时荧光定量PCR技术测定土壤微生物固碳基因丰度和群落结构变化。结果表明:(1)植被类型对复垦土壤理化性质影响显著(P<0.05)。植被类型越复杂,土壤pH和含水率下降越显著,同时有机碳、全氮和硝态氮含量增加也越显著。(2)植被类型对复垦土壤细菌群落组成影响不显著,但对固碳基因丰度影响显著,即rbcL、korA、acsA、acsE、pccA、smt和frda基因丰度随植被种类增加显著上升(P<0.05)。(3)土壤含水率、有机碳、全氮和硝态氮是细菌群落结构变化的主导因子,不同植被组合改变环境因子进而调控固碳潜力及路径。该研究有助于理解多样化植被组合对矿区复垦土壤碳循环的影响,为黄土高原生态修复及固碳增汇提供理论依据。Since the semi-arid open-pit mining activities have seriously damaged the local ecological environment,it is urgent to clarify the interaction mechanisms among vegetation,soil and microorganism.Meanwhile,it is of great significance for large-scale ecological restoration of damaged mines to explore the potential and pathway of microbial carbon sequestration,and stimulate the self-recovery ability of degraded ecosystems,as well as achieve the nature-based solutions.For this purpose,18 topsoil samples of three typical replanting types,namely Pinus tabulaeformis(YS),Pinus tabulaeformis+poplar(DYS),and Pinus tabulaeformis+poplar+alfalfa(DYX),were collected from the waste dump of Heidaigou open pit mine in Zhungeer Banner,Inner Mongolia.High-throughput sequencing and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to determine the abundance of soil microbial carbon fixation genes and the community structural variation.The results indicate that:(1)The vegetation types presented a significant impact on the physiochemical characteristics of the reclaimed soil(P<0.05).The more complex vegetation types,the more significant the decrease in soil pH and water content,as well as the more significant increases in organic carbon,total nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen.(2)The vegetation types had no significant effect on the bacterial community structure in the reclaimed soil,but showed a significant effect on the abundance of carbon sequestration genes,i.e.the abundances of rbcL,korA,acsA,acsE,pccA,smt,and frda were significantly increased with the increasing of varieties in the vegetation types(P<0.05).(3)Soil water content,organic carbon,total nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen are the dominant factors for bacterial community structure changes,while different vegetation combinations altered the environmental factors to manipulate carbon sequestration potential and pathways.This study could help to understand the impact of diversified vegetation combination on the carbon cycle of reclaimed soil in mining areas,and provide the theoretic

关 键 词：植被类型 矿山复垦 固碳细菌 固碳基因 生态恢复 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采] X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]