NYF型伟晶岩岩浆-热液演化与稀有稀土金属超常富集  

Overview of magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of and rare element super enrichment in NYF pegmatites

作　　者：饶灿 王吴梦雨 王琪[1] 张志琦 吴润秋 RAO Can;WANGWU Mengyu;WANG Qi;ZHANG Zhiqi;WU Runqiu(Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province,School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,地球科学学院,浙江省地学大数据与地球深部资源重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《地学前缘》2023年第5期106-114,共9页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划之重点项目(92062212)。

摘　　要：NYF型伟晶岩作为重要的战略性矿产资源,一直未受到广泛关注。相对于LCT型伟晶岩,NYF型伟晶岩的内部结构分带较差,极少存在区域性分带,但发育大量Nb、Y、F等矿物。铌铁矿族矿物、云母族矿物、电气石等矿物的地球化学特征能精细揭示NYF型伟晶岩的岩浆-热液演化过程,反映其演化程度。挥发分F、B、P和H_2O等不仅影响NYF型伟晶岩的结晶分异程度,对稀有稀土金属元素超常富集也起至关重要的作用。稀有稀土金属元素的富集、迁移与结晶贯穿整个NYF型伟晶岩的岩浆阶段、岩浆-热液过渡阶段以及热液阶段;高度演化的NYF型伟晶岩中,可以发生铌矿化、铍矿化、铷矿化、稀土(Y、Ce、Sc等)矿化以及锆-钍-铀矿化等。今后我国应将碱性岩-碱性花岗岩区域作为NYF型伟晶岩重点勘查区,加强NYF型伟晶岩的研究力度和指导找矿。NYF pegmatites as an important strategic mineral resource have not been widely studied.Compared to LCT pegmatites,NYF pegmatites have poor internal structural zonation and regional zonation but contain large amounts of Nb,Y,F and other rare minerals.The geochemical characteristics of columbite-/mica-group minerals and tourmaline can accurately reveal the magmatic-hydrothermal evolutionary process and reflect the degree of internal differentiation of NYF pegmatites;whereas volatile components such as F,B,P and H 2O not only affect the degree of internal differentiation of the pegmatites but also play a crucial role in the super enrichment of rare elements.The enrichment,migration and crystallization of rare elements take place through all stages of magmatic-hydrothermal evolution;and the mineralization of rare metals(Nb,Be,Rb,Zr,Th,U)and rare earths(Y,Ce,Sc,etc.)may occur in the highly evolved pegmatites.In future,alkaline rocks/granites should be key exploration targets for NYF pegmatites;and researches on NYF pegmatites should be strengthened to guide ore prospecting.

关 键 词：结构分带 结晶分异 岩浆-热液演化过程 伟晶岩成因 稀有金属矿化 稀土金属矿化 

分 类 号：P57[天文地球—矿物学] P588.13[天文地球—地质学]