砾岩中浊沸石的形成和溶蚀对储层物性的影响——以准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐凸起下二叠统佳木河组砾岩气藏为例  

Formation and Erosion of Zeolites in Conglomerate Reservoirs Impact on Physical Properties:an Example of a Conglomerate Gas Reservoir of Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation in Middle Abduction Bulge on Northwest Margin of Junggar

作　　者：赵长永 师翔 廖伟 闫利恒[4] 戴灿星[4] 李绪涛 师永民[5] 郑皓轩 Basin ZHAO Changyong;SHI Xiang;LIAO Wei;YAN Liheng;DAI Canxing;LI Xutao;SHI Yongmin;ZHENG Haoxuan(Exploration Division,PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay 834000;Huawei Boda(Beijing)Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100083;Gas Storage Co.Ltd.,PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield,Hutubi 831200;Engineering Research Institute of PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Branch,Karamay 834000;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021)

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探事业部,克拉玛依834000 [2]华巍博大(北京)科技有限公司,北京100083 [3]中国石油新疆油田储气库有限公司,呼图壁831200 [4]中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,克拉玛依834000 [5]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [6]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,西安710021

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期782-792,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1100802)资助。

摘　　要：以中拐凸起下二叠统佳木河组砾岩气藏的储层为研究案例,在岩芯观察、光学显微镜和全能谱扫描电子显微镜观察的基础上,分析砾岩储层中浊沸石的发育特征,探讨其成因机制,并分析浊沸石充填、溶蚀及含量变化对储层物性的影响,得到如下认识。1)浊沸石不但充填在砾岩、安山质砾石以及颗粒内原生气孔中,而且大量分布在砾石骨架颗粒之间,占胶结物含量的80%以上,与研究区基性和碱性火山质母岩成分密切相关。2)研究区沸石成因有内生和外生两种类型,内生作用形成的沸石充填于安山质砾石内部的原生气孔中,与喷出岩的低温热液作用或接触交代作用有关;外生作用类型的沸石是含玻璃质较高的各种火山熔岩和凝灰岩受碱性水溶液的蚀变作用,发生脱玻璃化后形成,充填在砾石骨架的孔隙中,使储层发生致密化,其中典型的是风化淋滤作用形成的沸石。3)沸石对研究区储层有重要影响,早期碱性环境下,大量沸石的充填和胶结使储层发生致密化的消极作用,后期酸性环境下,部分沸石溶蚀产生次生孔隙的积极作用,以大量充填于砾间孔中而产生致密化的消极作用为主。总之,沸石类矿物的胶结程度、含量及后期的溶蚀程度控制着储层的储集性能。Taking the reservoir of the Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation Conglomerate Gas Reservoir in the Zhongguai Uplift as a research case,based on core observation,optical microscopy,and full spectrum scanning electron microscopy,this paper analyzes the development characteristics of turbidite in conglomerate reservoirs,explores its genetic mechanism,and analyzes the effects of filling,dissolution,and content changes of turbidite on reservoir properties.The following understanding are obtained.1)Turbidite is not only filled in conglomerates,andesitic gravels,and primary gas pores within the particles,but also widely distributed among the gravel skeleton particles,accounting for over 80%of the cement content.It is closely related to the composition of basic and alkaline volcanic parent rocks in the study area.2)The origin of zeolite in the study area can be divided into two types:endogenous and exogenous.The zeolite formed by endogenesis is filled in the primary pores of andesitic gravel,which is related to the low-temperature hydrothermal process or contact metasomatism of volcanic rock;The zeolite of exogenic type is formed by the alteration of various volcanic lava and tuff with high glassy content by alkaline aqueous solution after devitrification and filling in the pores of gravel skeleton,which makes the reservoir compact.The typical zeolite is formed by weathering and leaching.3)Zeolites have a significant impact on the reservoirs in the study area.In the early alkaline environment,the filling and cementation of a large amount of zeolites have a negative effect on the densification of the reservoir.In the later acidic environment,some zeolites have a positive effect on the dissolution of secondary pores,with a large amount of filling in the gravel pores leading to the negative effect of densification.In summary,the degree of cementation,content,and later dissolution of zeolite minerals control the reservoir performance.

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地 砾岩 气藏 储层 浊沸石 储层物性 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]