论医疗事故罪构成要件中“严重不负责任”之认定——基于限缩解释立场的探讨  

On the Identification of"Serious Irresponsibility"in the Constitutive Elements of the Crime of Medical Malpractice——Discussions Based on the Position of Constrictive Interpretation

作　　者：白雪 Bai Xue

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院

出　　处：《医学与法学》2023年第5期77-87,共11页Medicine and Jurisprudence

摘　　要：医疗事故罪构成要件中“严重不负责任”的规定是主客观一体的要件,包含了主观责任和客观不法的双重要求。基于医疗行为所固有的风险性和医疗行业长远健康发展的需要,从宽严相济刑事政策出发,司法实践对“严重不负责任”要件应采限缩解释的立场,并综合运用文义、目的、体系解释方法对其衍生的“重大过失”之限缩解释结论进行“合法性、合目的性、合理性”验证,使结论具备整体有效性。具体对“重大过失”的认定,应以严重违反注意义务为核心,并结合“新过失论”,构建“高度的预见可能性”和“结果回避的容易性和有用性”相结合的判断结构。The stipulation of"serious irresponsibility"in the constitutive elements of the crime of medical mal⁃practice is an integral element of subjectivity and objectivity,including the dual requirements of subjective responsi⁃bility and objective lawlessness.Based on the inherent risks of medical behavior and the needs of long-term and healthy development of the medical industry,starting from the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity,judicial practice should adopt the position of constrictive interpretation of the constitutive elements of"serious irre⁃sponsibility",and comprehensively use the interpretation methods of context,purpose and system to verify the"legal⁃ity,purpose and rationality"of constrictive interpretation conclusions of"gross negligence"derived from them,and make the conclusions have overall validity.Specifically,the determination of"gross negligence"should take serious breach of duty of care as the core,and combine with the"new negligence theory"to build a judgment structure com⁃bining"high predictability"and"ease and usefulness of outcome avoidance".

关 键 词：严重不负责任 医疗事故罪 限缩解释 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]