高产高淀粉早熟木薯新品种桂热13号的选育  被引量:2

Breeding of High-yield,High-starch,Early-maturing Cassava,Guire No.13

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作  者:卢赛清[1] 俞奔驰[1] 周时艺 陈炯宇 宋恩亮[1] 徐钏 雷开文 马崇熙[1] 王帝 韦丽君[1] LU Saiqing;YU Benchi;ZHOU Shiyi;CHEN Jiongyu;SONG Enliang;XU Chuan;LEI Kaiwen;MA Chongxi;WANG Di;WEI Lijun(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区:[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001

出  处:《热带作物学报》2023年第9期1776-1785,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基  金:财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(No.CARS-11);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB1850037)。

摘  要:木薯桂热13号(GR13)以高产品种新选048(XX048)为母本,高粉品种南植199(NZ199)为父本,采用开花调控技术诱导亲本开花,并通过嫁接预测杂种优势的方法获得杂交F1代,经优良单株评选、单排试验、各级品比试验、区域试验和生产性试验,鉴定、评价、筛选等选育而成。GR13平均鲜薯产量47.06 t/hm^(2)、淀粉含量32.0%,分别比对照NZ199和华南205(SC205)增产22.93%、21.48%,淀粉分别提高3.74、5.30个百分点;薯块干物质率45.2%,比对照高4.7、7.5个百分点;鲜薯平均氢氰酸含量25.7 mg/kg,均低于对照;粗纤维0.73%,与SC205相当;维生素C42.87mg/hg、蛋白质0.57g/hg、总糖3%、可溶性糖1.1%,均与NZ199相当;GR13抗螨性田间鉴定结果为中抗,在植后180 d淀粉含量稳定在27.0%以上,说明其早熟、高产、高淀粉、氢氰酸含量低、适应性广,是早熟丰产稳产性好的鲜食及加工兼用型优良品种,具有耐旱耐寒和较抗螨、不易落叶等特点,适合在广西、江西和云南等木薯主产区推广种植。An early-maturing,high-yield,high-starch,wide-adaptability cassava cultivar was bred in Guangxi for fresh consumption or further processing.A newly bred F1 progeny of crossing between the high-yield,XX048 as the female parent and the high-starch NZ199 as the male parent was generated by artificial pollination and induc-tion through prediction of graft breeding.After seedling selection,single row and a series of primary,intermediate,and advanced tests as well as regional and production trials,Guire No.13(GR13)was selected.As showed in the several years trial,GR13 delivered an average tuber yield of 47.06 t/hm^(2),starch content was 32.0%,which was 22.93%and 21.48,3.74 and 5.30 percentage point higher than that of NZ199 and SC205;Dry matters content of 45.2%,which was 4.7 and 7.5 percentage point higher than that of NZ199 and SC205,and HCN content was 25.7 mg/kg,lower than that of NZ199 and SC205;a rich content of nutrients(based on FW),such as 0.73%on crude fiber,42.87 mg/hg on vitamin C,0.75 g/hg on protein,3%on total sugar,1.1%on soluble sugar.The early-maturing(over 27.0%on starch content after planted 180 days),high and stable yield GR13 with wide-adaptability was resistent to drought,cold and mites,and its leaves did not fall off easily.It could be ade-quately cultivated in current cassava-producing areas in Guangxi,Jiangxi,and Yunnan provinces for either fresh consumption,further processing,or as a raw material for manufacturing starch products.

关 键 词:木薯 桂热13号 高产高淀粉 早熟 品种选育 

分 类 号:S889.5[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]

 

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