适合全周期间作的橡胶树品种热垦628花药再生体系研究  

Anther Regeneration System of Rubber Tree Variety Reken 628 Suitable for Whole Period Intercropping

作　　者：成镜[1] 黄天带[1] 戴雪梅[1] 徐正伟[1] CHENG Jing;HUANG Tiandai;DAI Xuemei;XU Zhengwei(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Re-sources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops/Engineering Center for Rapid Propagation of Tropical Woody Plants,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Haikou Key Laboratory of Innovation of Seedlings of Tropical Plants,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室/热带林木种子种苗工程中心/海口市热带植物种苗创新重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第9期1794-1800,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFD1001105);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022022008);海南省国际科技合作研发项目(No.GHYF2022013)。

摘　　要：在橡胶树体胚发生再生体系研究中,如何快速获得胚性愈伤组织是能否成功建立再生体系的关键。本研究基于课题组前期的研究基础,以橡胶树花药为外植体,通过正交试验设计方案研究了毒莠定、KT、6-BA、IAA四种激素的不同浓度组合对橡胶树花药胚性愈伤组织诱导的影响,结果表明:橡胶树花药愈伤组织诱导的最优组合培养基为MS基础培养基,硫胺素0.4 mg/L、天冬酰胺300 mg/L、水解酪蛋白100 mg/L、脯氨酸100 mg/L、精氨酸100 mg/L、谷氨酰胺100 mg/L、L-半胱氨酸-盐酸盐50 mg/L、蔗糖70 g/L、椰子水50 mL/L、植物凝胶2.2 g/L,并添加毒莠定浓度20 mg/L、KT浓度2 mg/L、6-BA浓度1 mg/L、IAA浓度0 mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率达73.3%~100%。所有处理在诱导愈伤组织25~28 d左右,愈伤组织达到快速增殖时期,对胚性愈伤组织的诱导起主要作用的是毒莠定浓度,其浓度在20~30 mg/L之间时,对胚性愈伤组织的诱导有促进作用。低浓度的毒莠定虽然也能诱导愈伤组织产生,但是这些愈伤组织几乎为无胚胎发生能力的非胚性愈伤组织。同时用获得的11个体胚进行植株再生,其中出苗2株,7个只长根不抽芽,2个既不抽芽也不长根,植株再生率达18%。因此,在此研究的基础上,对愈伤组织诱导培养基配方进行进一步优化,使其能够更快地从花药中诱导出胚性愈伤组织,缩短胚性愈伤组织的诱导时间,降低变异几率,可为RITA生物反应器提供更好条件的愈伤组织起始原料。Quickly obtain embryogenic callus is the key step to successfully establish the regeneration system in the somatic embryogenesis regeneration system of rubber tree.Rubber tree anthers were used as explants in the study.The effects of different concentrations of picloram,KT,6-BA,and IAA on the induction of rubber tree anther embryogenic callus were studied through an orthogonal experimental design.The results showed that the optimal combination me-dium for rubber tree anther callus induction was MS basic medium,0.4 mg/L thiamine,asparagine 300 mg/L,hydro-lyzed casein 100 mg/L,proline 100 mg/L,arginine 100 mg/L,glutathione amino amide 100 mg/L,L-cysteine-hydro-chloride 50 mg/L,sucrose 70 g/L,coconut water 50 mL/L,vegetable gel 2.2 g/L,picloram 20 mg/L,KT 2 mg/L and KT 2 mg/L and 6-BA 1 mg/L,and the callus induction rate reached 73.3%-100%.In all treatments,the callus was in-duced for about 25-28 days,and the callus reached the stage of rapid proliferation.The main effect of the induction of embryogenic callus was the concentration of picloram.It could promote the induction of embryogenic callus.Although low concentrations of picloram could also induce callus production,the callus were basically non-embryogenic poten-tial-ie non-embryogenic callus.At the same time,11 somatic embryos were used for plant regeneration.Among them,two plants emerged,seven only had roots without sprouting,and two had neither buds nor roots.The plant regeneration rate was 18%.By observing the leaf morphology and plant height of the plants,there was no significant difference with the rubber tree tissue culture seedlings and seedlings in production.In the future,on the basis of the research,the for-mulation of the callus induction medium would be further optimized,so that it could induce embryogenic callus from anthers more quickly,shorten the induction time of embryogenic callus,and reduce variation.Probability,it could pro-vide callus with better conditions for RITA bioreactors as starting material.

关 键 词：橡胶树 花药 胚性愈伤组织 植株再生 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]