四种花粉对地熊蜂发育的影响  

Effects of Four Species of Pollen on Development of Bombus terrestris

作　　者：吴光安 时成浩 董小林[1] 王福莲[1] 陈浩[2] 高欢欢[2] 刘艳[2] 苏龙 孙猛 吕召云 郑礼[2] 翟一凡 Wu Guang’an;Shi Chenghao;Dong Xiaolin;Wang Fulian;Chen Hao;Gao Huanhuan;Liu Yan;Su Long;Sun Meng;LüZhaoyun;Zheng Li;Zhai Yifan(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University/Hubei Engineering Research Center for Pest Forewarning and Management,Jingzhou 434025,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Institute of Sericulture,Yantai 264001,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院/湖北省农林病害虫预警与调控工程技术研究中心,湖北荆州434025 [2]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东济南250100 [3]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264001

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第9期141-147,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省优秀青年基金项目“授粉昆虫遗传育种”(ZR2021YQ21);山东省蜂产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-24);烟台市科技计划项目“烟台苹果熊蜂授粉技术研发及示范”(2021XDHZ058)。

摘　　要：为明确樱桃花粉、梨花粉、苹果花粉和杂花粉对地熊蜂生长发育的影响,改进熊蜂工厂化繁育的饲料配方,本试验将四种花粉通过不同配比组合成15种饲料配方,分别饲喂熊蜂微蜂群,研究分析其产卵前时间、幼虫发育、蛹发育及雄蜂出房数量的表现。结果表明,不同花粉配方饲料饲喂的熊蜂微蜂群发育不同,其中饲喂单一种类花粉的微蜂群产卵前时间相对较长,饲喂含有三种花粉混合饲料的微蜂群产卵前时间相对较短。以樱桃花粉、梨花粉、杂花粉混合花粉为饲料的微蜂群,其雄蜂出房数量最多,为14.25头;以杂花粉为饲料的微蜂群,没有雄蜂出房。综之,樱桃花粉、梨花粉和杂花粉等比组成的混合饲料饲喂地熊蜂效果最好,单一杂花粉饲喂会导致地熊蜂发育较差。To investigate the effects of cherry pollen,pear pollen,apple pollen and mixed pollen on the growth and development of Bombus terrestris,and improve the feeding formula for mass rearing,four species of pollen were mixed at different proportions to form 15 feeding formulas,which were fed to B.terrestris microcolonies.The performance of the bumblebees in terms of preoviposition period,larval development,pupal development and number of male bees emerging from the nest were studied and analyzed.The results showed that the development of B.terrestris microcolonies fed with different feeds was different.The preoviposition period of B.terrestris microcolonies fed with single species of pollen was longer,while that feeding the mixture of three species of pollen was shorter.The maximun number of male bees emerging from nest was 14.25 when the microcolonies were fed with the mixture of cherry pollen,pear pollen and mixed pollen.There were no male bees emerging from nest when the microcolonies were fed with the mixed pollen.In summary,the mixture of cherry pollen,pear pollen and mixed pollen was the best for the growth and development of B.terrestris,but feeding with only mixed pollen,the B.terrestris developed worse.

关 键 词：花粉 地熊蜂 微蜂群 发育 

分 类 号：S894[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]