长江中游荆江河段2020年与1998年洪水对比分析  

Comparative analysis of floods in Jingjiang River Reach of middle reachesof Yangtze River in 2020 and 1998

作　　者：魏林云 李强 魏轩 吴琼 WEI Linyun;LI Qiang;WEI Xuan;WU Qiong(Jingjiang Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey,Bureau of Hydrology of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Jingzhou 434000,China;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Smart Changjiang Innovation Team,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局荆江水文水资源勘测局,湖北荆州434000 [2]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010 [3]长江水利委员会智慧长江创新团队,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2023年第10期8-13,共6页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3204502)。

摘　　要：为提高荆江河段洪水防御水平,采用2020年、1998年实测洪水资料,从洪峰水位、流量、主要控制站径流量、洪水时段洪量、主汛期水面线等方面,比较分析了长江中游荆江河段2020年洪水与1998年洪水,并研究2020年长江中游荆江河段洪水位成因。结果表明:荆江河段2020年洪峰、洪量与最高水位小于1998年。造成2020年荆江河段洪水的主要原因为上游来水量大、荆江三口分流比减小以及洞庭湖顶托影响。长江上游水库群洪水期间,联合调度发挥巨大的作用,有效削减了洪峰、洪量,缩短了高水位时间,提高了抵御洪水的能力。研究成果可为荆江河段防洪减灾、水文测报、江湖治理等工作提供技术支撑。In order to improve the flood prevention level of Jingjiang River Reach,the measured flood data from 2020 and 1998 were used to compare and analyze the floods in the Jingjiang River Reach of middle reaches of theYangtze River in 2020 and 1998 from the perspectives of peak water level,flow rate,main control station runoff,flood volume during flood periods,and water surface profile analysis during the main flood season.The results showed that the flood peak,flood volume and maximum water level of the Jingjiang River Reach in 2020 was smaller than that in 1998.The main causes of the 2020 flood in the Jingjiang River section were the large amount of water coming from the upper reaches,the narrowing of the diversion ratio at the three outlets of the Jingjiang River,and the influence of the top-supporting effect of Dongting Lake.In the process of flood relief,the joint scheduling of reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River had played a great role.In 2020,reservoir group in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River had played a huge role.It effectively reduced the magnitude of the flood peak and flood volume,shortened the high water level time,and improved the ability to resist floods.The research results could provide technical support for flood control and disaster reduction,hydrological forecasting,and river and lake management in the Jingjiang River Reach.

关 键 词：荆江河段 高洪水位 水面线 水库联合调度 长江上游水库群 2020年洪水 1998年洪水 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]