基于等残留高度的数控加工刀具轨迹规划方法  

Tool Path Planning Method for CNC Machining Based on Equal Residual Height

作　　者：燕相松[1] YAN Xiangsong(Electrical Engineering College of Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College,Chuzhou 239000,China)

机构地区：[1]滁州职业技术学院电气工程学院,安徽滁州239000

出　　处：《东莞理工学院学报》2023年第5期119-123,129,共6页Journal of Dongguan University of Technology

基　　金：省级安徽省教育厅自然科学重点研究项目(2022AH052652);校级机电一体化技术专业群建设项目(2022zyq03)。

摘　　要：刀具轨迹规划是复杂工件曲面制造与加工中的核心环节,对于工件成品质量有着极其重要的影响。为获得加工性能良好、较为光顺的刀触点轨迹,设计一种基于等残留高度的数控加工刀具轨迹规划方法。考虑曲面的曲率变化,首先,以减小相邻两个轨迹线间的依赖性为目的,利用等残留高度法规划刀具的移动轨迹。为使刀触轨迹线能够达到自由曲面边界,设计基于密切圆追踪的边界处理方法,实施简单的延伸处理。通过设定的距离判定条件与角度判定条件实施奇异折线点的判定,实现刀具轨迹的奇异波动处理,使所生成的轨迹过渡平缓、光滑连续,真正具备较好的加工性能。测试结果表明,设计方法的残留高度值主要分布在0.2~0.25这一区间内,占比达到53.28%,而0.25~0.3的占比较低,说明该方法能够充分地利用残留允差,有着较高的加工效率。tool path planning is a key step in the manufacturing and machining of complex workpiece surfaces,which has an extremely important impact on the quality of the finished workpiece.In order to obtain a better machining performance and smoother tool contact path,a tool path planning method for CNC machining based on equal residual height is designed.Considering the curvature variation of the surface,firstly,with the aim of reducing the dependency between adjacent trajectory lines,the equal residual height method is used to plan the tool movement trajectory.To enable the tool contact trajectory line to reach the boundary of a free form surface,a boundary processing method based on close circle tracking is designed to implement simple extension processing.The determination of singular polyline points is implemented through the set distance determination conditions and angle determination conditions,achieving singular fluctuation processing of tool paths,making the generated path transition smooth,smooth,and continuous,truly having good processing performance.The test results show that the residual height values of the design method are mainly distributed in the range of 0.2-0.25,accounting for 53.28%,while the ratio of 0.25-0.3 is low,indicating that the method can fully utilize the residual tolerance and has high processing efficiency.

关 键 词：等残留高度 数控加工刀具 初始轨迹线 曲面凹凸性 刀具轨迹规划 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]