Diminishing ether-oxygen content of electrolytes enables temperature-immune lithium metal batteries  

作　　者：Tao Liu Jingnan Feng Zhe Shi Huajun Li Weina Zhao Minglei Mao Xiangzhen Zhu Yong-Sheng Hu Hong Li Xuejie Huang Liquan Chen Liumin Suo 

机构地区：[1]Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics,Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China [2]Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute,Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China [3]Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge,MA 02139,USA [4]Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China

出　　处：《Science China Chemistry》2023年第9期2700-2710,共11页中国科学（化学英文版）

基　　金：supported by CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Team;China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M703318, 2022T150671)。

摘　　要：The reversibility of lithium(Li) metal anodes is highly susceptible to temperature,owing to the aggravated side reactions at high temperatures and serious Li dendrite growth at low temperatures.Thus it is extremely challenging to simultaneously realize the high Li reversibility in both low and high temperature scenarios.Herein,an oxygen-free solvent(n-hexane,HEX) assisted with the hexyl methyl ether and 1 mol L^(-1)lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is proposed to constitute an electrolyte for temperatureimmune lithium metal batteries.It demonstrates that the HEX not only greatly suppresses the solvent reduction even at high temperatures but also weaken the Li~+-solvent interaction for the facile Li-ion desolvation,leading to high Li Coulombic efficiencies(99.59% at 25℃,99.30%at 60℃ and 98.75% at -30℃) and the dendrite-free Li plating from -30℃ to 60℃.Benefitting from the low density and temperature-immune properties of our electrolyte,the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(3.8mAh cm^(-2))||Li(60 μm) pouch-cells deliver 278 Wh kg^(-1)energy density and maintain the stable performance over 50 cycles,and retain 248 and 320 Wh kg^(-1) energy density at -30℃ and 60℃,respectively.This work provides a new perspective on the electrolyte design for wide-temperature Li metal batteries.

关 键 词：wide temperature range oxygen-free solvent dendrite-free Li plating high Coulombic efficiencies lithium metal batteries 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646.1[理学—物理化学]