斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的捕食作用  

Predation of spider Oxyopes sertatus on fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda larvae

作　　者：覃江梅 覃武[1] 蔡晓燕 于永浩[1] 陈红松[1] Qin Jiangmei;Qin Wu;Cai Xiaoyan;Yu Yonghao;Chen Hongsong(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室,广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,南宁530007

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第4期1033-1041,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400705)。

摘　　要：为明确斜纹猫蛛Oxyopes sertatus对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda幼虫的控害能力,在实验室条件下评估斜纹猫蛛亚成蛛和雌、雄成蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄和3龄幼虫的捕食能力以及斜纹猫蛛自身密度对捕食效能的影响。结果显示,斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的日均捕食量随着猎物密度的增大呈上升趋势,达到某一阈值后趋于稳定,其对2龄幼虫的日均捕食量显著高于对3龄幼虫的日均捕食量。斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾2个龄期幼虫的捕食功能反应既符合Holling Ⅱ功能反应模型,又符合Holling Ⅲ功能反应模型。斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的瞬时攻击率均大于对3龄幼虫的瞬时攻击率,雌成蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄和3龄幼虫的瞬时攻击率最大,分别为0.664和0.558;斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的处理时间总体上短于对3龄幼虫的处理时间,亚成蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄和3龄幼虫的处理时间最短,分别为0.011 d和0.009 d;斜纹猫蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的最佳寻找密度均高于对3龄幼虫的最佳寻找密度。随着猎物密度的增长,斜纹猫蛛的搜寻效应呈下降趋势。斜纹猫蛛的捕食作用率与其自身密度呈负相关,随着自身密度的增加其种内干扰作用逐渐增强。表明斜纹猫蛛亚成蛛和雌、雄成蛛对草地贪夜蛾2龄和3龄幼虫均具有较强的控害能力。To evaluate the predation capability of spider Oxyopes sertatus against fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda larvae,the predation of O.sertatus at nymph and adult stages against the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda and the effects of predator density on the predation efficiency of O.sertatus were tested under laboratory conditions.The results showed that the daily consumption of S.frugiperda larvae by O.sertatus increased with increasing prey density until it reached a threshold where the consumption rate remained constant.The daily consumption of the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda by O.sertatus was significantly higher than that of the 3rd instar larvae.The predatory response of O.sertatus to the two instars of S.frugiperda larvae was consistent with both Holling II and HollingⅢfunctional response models.The attacking efficiency of O.sertatus against the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda was higher than that against the 3rd instar,and female adults had the highest attacking efficiency against S.frugiperda larvae(0.664 and 0.558,respectively).Prey handling time of O.sertatus on the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda was shorter than that on the 3rd instar,and nymphs had the shortest prey handling time(0.011 d and 0.009 d,respectively).The optimal searching density of the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda was higher than that of the 3rd instar larvae.The searching efficiency of O.sertatus for both instar larvae of S.frugiperda decreased with increasing prey density.The predation rate of O.sertatus decreased with increasing density of its own,indicating an increase in intraspecific disturbance.The results indicated that both nymphs and adults of O.sertatus had strong pest control ability against the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda.

关 键 词：斜纹猫蛛 草地贪夜蛾 捕食功能反应 搜寻效应 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]