八种十字花科寄主植物真叶和子叶的化学成分及其对小菜蛾生长发育及生理代谢的影响  

Chemical composition of true leaves and cotyledons of eight cruciferous host plants and their effects on growth,development and physiological metabolism of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella

作　　者：向中文 朱经云 刘同先 张世泽[1] Xiang Zhongwen;Zhu Jingyun;Liu Tongxian;Zhang Shize(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵阳550025

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第4期1042-1054,共13页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1401200);陕西省重点研发计划(2021NY-038)。

摘　　要：为明确小菜蛾Plutella xylostella对寄主植物真叶和子叶的适合度,于室内测定8种十字花科植物改良青杂3号、改良露头青、陕油0913、甘杂1号、超级火箕青、四月慢、绿球66和中花尖叶芥蓝真叶和子叶的营养物质和次生代谢物质的含量,并测定取食后小菜蛾幼虫的取食选择性、发育历期、蛹重、保护酶和解毒酶活性。结果显示,8种寄主植物真叶的可溶性糖、总氨基酸、单宁、类黄酮和总酚含量之间差异显著,且大部分均显著高于其子叶,8种寄主植物子叶的可溶性糖、总氨基酸、单宁、类黄酮和总酚含量之间也差异显著。小菜蛾3龄幼虫偏好取食真叶;取食8种寄主植物真叶后成虫前期的发育历期为12.3~16.3 d,取食子叶后成虫前期的发育历期为14.3~18.6 d;取食子叶的蛹重明显低于取食其真叶;取食8种寄主植物真叶的小菜蛾幼虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST)、羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase,CarE)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AchE)活性之间差异显著,且取食改良青杂3号和四月慢真叶的幼虫体内CAT活性显著高于取食其子叶,取食改良露头青、超级火箕青和中花尖叶芥蓝真叶的幼虫体内CarE活性显著高于取食其子叶;取食8种寄主植物子叶的小菜蛾幼虫体内SOD、POD、CAT、GST、CarE和AchE活性之间也差异显著,且SOD、GST和AchE活性大部分显著高于取食其真叶。表明小菜蛾在取食不同寄主植物真叶和子叶时,通过调节体内保护酶和解毒酶活性适应寄主。In order to determine the fitness of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella to the true leaves and cotyledons of host plants,the nutrient and secondary metabolite contents of the true leaves and cotyledons of eight cruciferous plants(including Gailiangqingza 3,Gailiangloutouqing,Shaanyou 0913,Ganza 1,Chaojihuojiqing,Siyueman,Lüqiu 66 and Zhonghuajianyejielan)in the laboratory were measured,and the feeding preference,developmental duration,pupal weight,protective enzymes and detoxifying enzyme activities of P.xylostella larvae were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of soluble sugar,total amino acid,tannin,flavonoid and total phenolic of the true leaves of the eight host plants,and most of them were significantly higher than their cotyledons.The contents of soluble sugar,total amino acid,tannin,flavonoid and total phenolic of the cotyledons of the eight host plants also showed significantly differences.P.xylostella third instar larvae preferred to feed on true leaves of eight plants rather than their cotyledons.The developmental duration of P.xylostella preadult feeding on true leaves was 12.3-16.3 d,and that of feeding on cotyledons was 14.3-18.6 d.The pupal weight of P.xylostella feeding on cotyledons was significantly lower than that on true leaves.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),glutathione S-transferase(GST),carboxylesterase(CarE)and acetylcholinesterase(AchE)of P.xylostella larvae feeding on the true leaves of eight host plants were significantly different,and the CAT activity in the larvae feeding on Gailiangqingza 3 and Siyueman were significantly higher than those feeding on their cotyledons;CarE activity in the larvae feeding on Gailiangloutouqing,Chaojihuojiqing and Zhonghuajianyejielan were significantly higher than those feeding on their cotyledons.The activities of SOD,POD,CAT,GST,CarE and AchE of P.xylostella larvae feeding on the cotyledons of eight host plants were also significantly different,and most of the

关 键 词：小菜蛾 寄主植物 子叶 真叶 生长发育 保护酶 解毒酶 植物化合物 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]