Fractional core-based collapse mechanism and structural optimization in complex systems  

作　　者：Shubin SI Changchun LV Zhiqiang CAI Dongli DUAN Jurgen KURTHS Zhen WANG 

机构地区：[1]School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China [2]Key Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Intelligent Manufacturing(Ministry of Industry and Information Technology),Xi'an 710072,China [3]School of Information and Control Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710072,China [4]Instiute of Physics,Humboldt-University,Berlin 10099,Germany [5]Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research,Potsdam 14473,Germany

出　　处：《Science China(Information Sciences)》2023年第9期164-179,共16页中国科学（信息科学）（英文版）

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72171193,72231008,72071153);Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2022KW-15);Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023-JC-QN-0802)。

摘　　要：Catastrophic and major disasters in real-world systems ranging from financial markets and ecosystems,often show generic early-warning signals that may indicate a collapse.Hence,understanding the collapse mechanism of a complex network and predicting its process are of uttermost importance.However,these challenges are often hindered by the extremely high dimensionality of the underlying system.We present here the concept of the fractional core(F-core)that considers the contribution of the network topology and dynamics to systematically analyze the collapse process in such networks,and encompass a broad range of dynamical systems,from mutualistic ecosystems to regulatory dynamics.We offer testable predictions on the tipping point,and,in particular,prove that the extinction of the maximum F-core of a network is an efficient indicator of whether a system completely collapses.The results show that the death of species or cells in a low-order F-core may improve the average density and have little influence on the tipping point.Generally,the principle of the F-core demonstrates how complex systems collapse and opens an innovative optimization strategy to uncover the optimal structure of systems.

关 键 词：collapse mechanism tipping point structural optimization complex systems phase transition 

分 类 号：O157.5[理学—数学]