平茬花棒枝系构型调控及其地表蚀积特征研究  

Study on the Branch System Configuration Regulation and Surface Erosion Characteristics of Flat Stubble Hed ysarum scoparium Branch System

作　　者：田晓宁 高永 魏亚娟 韩彦隆 徐铮铮 TIAN Xiaoning;GAO Yong;WEI Yajuan;HAN Yanlong;XU Zhengzheng(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 0100ll,China;National Forestry Grassland Desertification Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Hohhot 01001l,China;Hangjin Desert Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Ordos 017400,China;Department of Resource and Environment,Baotou Teachers'College,Baotou O14030,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010011 [2]国家林业草原防沙治沙工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特010011 [3]内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017400 [4]包头师范学院资源与环境学院,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期362-371,共10页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“毛乌素沙地系统修复新材料、新技术集成示范”(2022YFHH0131);内蒙古教育厅科研创新项目“基于消费级无人机的沙漠地区沙丘移动及其形态特征研究”(NJZZ20038);内蒙古农业大学“高层次人才引进科研启动项目”(NDYB2018-36)。

摘　　要：近年来吉兰泰盐湖周边植被衰退现象普遍发生,严重制约了该区防沙治沙工作的进行。合理的平茬处理能有效缓解植株衰退问题,对防护林更新复壮及防风固沙具有重要意义。为了探究平茬处理对盐湖防护林防风固沙效应的影响,本研究以吉兰泰盐湖平茬后的花棒防护林为研究对象,探讨平茬后不同生长年限花棒的枝系构型特征、林内地表机械组成和地表蚀积状况。结果表明:(1)平茬处理有利于花棒的更新复壮。花棒平茬处理后,其各级分生枝数、枝长和基径均随着生长年限增加呈现增大的趋势,新生枝数与之相反。(2)枝径比随生长年限增加呈现增大的趋势,逐步分枝率与之相反;不同生长年限总分枝率介于0.31~0.57之间,3a花棒总分枝率较35a增加74.19%,表明平茬处理增强了花棒的分枝生长能力,提高了花棒枝条对空间的利用效率。(3)1a和2a的花棒林间土壤主要以风蚀为主,而3a花棒主要以风积为主;对于荒漠地区植被,合理的平茬处理能有效促进枝系构型逐渐呈现复杂化。值得注意的是在平茬初期,要采取地表防护措施,防止地表发生风蚀。Desertification control in the vicinity of Jartai Salt Lake has been considerably challenged due to widespread vegetation degradation.This study explores the efficacy of strategic stubble management in mitigating this challenge,focusing on its implications for the revival of Hedysarum scoparium forests and sand abatement efforts.Our research probes into the impact of stubble treatment on the branching configuration of Hedysarum scoparium over varying growth stages,the evolution of edaphic composition within the forest,and the dynamics of surface erosion and deposition.Our results demonstrate that stubble treatment bolsters the regeneration and robust growth of Hedysarum scoparium.Post-treatment,we observed an increased trend in the quantity of meristem branches,branch length,and base diameter as growth years progressed,whilst the formation of new branches declined.Additionally,the ratio of branch diameter heightened with growth years,contrasting with a decrease in stepwise branching percentage.The overall branching rate varied between 0.31 and 0.57 across different growth stages,with a notable 74.19%increase in branching rate in three-year-old Hedysarum scoparium compared to the 35-year stage,suggesting that stubble treatment enhances the plant's branching capacity and optimizes spatial resource efficiency.With respect to soil erosion,the initial two years were dominated by wind erosion,shifting to wind deposition in the third year.Thus,suitable stubble treatment can gradually enhance the complexity of branching configuration.Nonetheless,the early implementation of surface protection measures is crucial to avert wind erosion.

关 键 词：枝系构型 花棒 平茬 风蚀 荒漠区 吉兰泰盐湖 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学] S727.23[农业科学—林木遗传育种]