基本公共服务均等化水平测度及区域差异分析——基于2011—2020年省级面板数据  

Measurement of Equalization Level of Basic Public Services and Analysis of Regional Differences--Based on Provincial Panel Datafrom 2011 to 2020

作　　者：张乐 李杰[1] ZHANG Le;LI Jie(School of Public Administration,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学公共管理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期65-75,共11页Journal of Inner Mongolia University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：2021年度内蒙古自治区高等学校人文社会科学重点项目(项目批准号:NJSZ21001)。

摘　　要：基本公共服务在区域间的非均等化已成为新时代中国社会主要矛盾的空间反映。借助熵权Topsis法和变异系数对我国2011—2020年31个省、自治区、直辖市的面板数据进行基本公共服务均等化水平测度,结果显示:基本社会保障对基本公共服务均等化水平贡献度最大;全国四大地区在基本公共文化体育维度上的评分差距最大,在基本医疗卫生维度上的评分差距最小;中部地区基本公共服务均等化水平高于全国其他地区,东部地区次之,西部地区和东北地区较低;近年来基本公共服务均等化水平有所提升,但提升幅度不大,地区差距依然显著。障碍度模型分析发现,基本公共服务均等化水平障碍因子主要集中在基本公共设施和基本社会保障维度。对此,我国推进基本公共服务均等化应注重因地制宜、聚焦优势领域、对标薄弱环节,向西部、东北地区实施政策、财政倾斜,增强区域间及区域内的基本公共服务辐射带动功能,由此实现基本公共服务供给的空间优化、结构优化。The uneven distribution of basic public services among regions has become a spatial reflection of the main social contradictions in China in the new era.Using the entropy weight Topsis method and coefficient of variation,and measuring the level of equalization of basic public services based on the panel data of 31 provinces(including Sheng,Zizhi Qu and Zhixia Shi)in China from 2011 to 2020,it is found that basic social security has the largest contribution to the level of equalization of basic public services;the four major regions have the largest score gap in the dimension of public culture and sports,and the smallest score gap in the dimension of basic medical and health care;the average level of equalization of basic public services in the central region is higher than that of other regions in the country,followed by the eastern region,and the level is lower in the western and northeast regions.In recent years,the level of equalization of basic public services has been steadily improved,but the increase is not large,and the regional gap is still significant.The analysis of the obstacle degree model shows that the cause of the failure of the equalization level of basic public services is mainly concentrated in the dimensions of"basic public facilities"and"basic social security".Therefore,in order to promote the equalization of basic public services,China should pay attention to adapting measures to local conditions,focusing on advantageous areas,bench-marking weak links,implementing policies and financial inclinations to the western and northeastern regions,and enhancing the capacity of radiation and driving of basic public services among and within regions,so that the actual basic public services would be provided with space optimization and structural optimization.

关 键 词：基本公共服务均等化 熵权TOPSIS法 变异系数 障碍度模型 区域差异分析 

分 类 号：D616[政治法律—政治学]