“约法三章”之法释义学分析  

An Analysis of “Three-point Covenant” from the Perspective of Legal Hermeneutics

作　　者：李涛[1] LI Tao(Law School,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《汕头大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第3期49-57,95,共10页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：世人对“约法三章”典故的知悉始源于《史记》,已有诸多学者从不同学科角度对其本意谘经诹史,但尚未形成通说观点。对约法三章词语不当使用,徒增人们对其含义和内容的误解,约法三章内容的准确解读应回归特定历史语境与法文化传统。通过法释义学方法论分析可知,约法三章体现了“德治与法治”的法文化理念;其中之“约”一词并非契约,在私法上没有创设任何权利,而是约束、管制的意思。“法三章”从性质上而言,是刑法规范;从法益属性与法律体系科学性视角而言,专指杀人、伤人、盗各为一章。故约法三章之本意,即立法三章以约束父老。它虽是一个战前临时性举措,但事实上却成为汉王朝立法活动“汉承秦制”的开端。The allusion of“Three-point Covenant”comes from Shih Chi,and scholars have interpreted it from different perspectives,but there has not been any unanimity.Improper use of the idiom increases people’s misunderstanding,and accurate interpretation requires a return to the specific historical context and legal culture.According to the methodology of legal hermeneutics,“Three-point Covenant”embodies the concept of“rule of virtue and rule of law”.The word“convenant”does not create any right in private law,and therefore it means not contract but restraint and regulation.“Three-point Covenant”is a norm of criminal law in nature,and in terms of legal interests and scientific nature of the legal system it specifically refers to murder,wounding and theft.Therefore,its original intention is to regulate poeple.Although it was a temporary measure before the war,it actually began the Han Dynasty’s inheritance of the Qin system.

关 键 词：约法三章 契约 刑罚 九章律 汉承秦制 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]