吉兰泰盐湖盆地土壤颗粒分形特征与空间变异分析  

Analysis of Fractal Characteristics and Spatial Variability of Soil Particles in the Jilantai Salt Lake Basin

作　　者：杜丹丹 高瑞忠[1,2] 贾德彬 Du Dandan;Gao Ruizhong;Jia Debin(Institute of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古水资源保护与利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第6期93-101,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51969022,52169004);内蒙古科技攻关项目(2019GG141)。

摘　　要：[目的]阐明盐湖盆地流域土壤颗粒分形特征和空间变异特征,揭示区域土壤环境演变和影响因子的响应规律,为旱区盐湖流域沙害治理提供数据和理论支持。[方法]以吉兰泰盐湖盆地流域为研究区,布设50个土壤采样点,采集表层、50 cm、100 cm土层150个土壤样本,基于土壤粒径分布和土壤基本理化指标pH值、总溶解性固体TDS、总氮TN、含水率θ的测试数据,采用多因素相关分析的方法,分析了土壤分形维数与各粒级含量和土壤基本理化因子的相关性;应用地统计学方法对土壤剖面分形维数空间变异特征及分布规律开展了研究。[结果]研究区0—100 cm土壤质地以砂土、壤砂土为主,不同土层深度土壤质地类型基本一致,土壤颗粒分形维数D值为1.672~2.785。土壤分形维数与黏粒和粉粒呈极显著正相关,与粗砂、中砂、细砂呈显著负相关,0.1 mm粒径是D值随土壤粒径变化的分界值。D值与含水率、总氮在3土层均呈现显著正相关,而与pH值和TDS相关性不显著。土壤分形维数具有强烈的空间自相关性,各层土壤D值均呈现出由南向北逐渐增大的条块状镶嵌分布特征,流域北部的巴音乌拉山和乌兰布和沙漠地区是D值的高值区,西南部边缘的图格力高勒沟台地和东南部边缘的贺兰山地区是全流域D值的最低区域,土壤表层在吉兰泰盐湖附近有带状分布的高值区。[结论]受气候和人类活动的影响,吉兰泰盐湖盆地土壤质地发生变化,表层土壤颗粒风蚀严重,较深层土壤具有粗粒化现象,未来应加强土壤侵蚀和退化状况观测研究。[Objective]The objective of this study is to clarify the fractal characteristics and spatial variation characteristics of soil particles in the salt lake basin,reveal the response laws of regional soil environment evolution and impact factors,and provide data and theoretical support for the control of sand damage in the salt lake basin in the arid area.[Methods]Jilantai Salt Lake Basin was selected as the research area.50 soil sampling points were set in this basin.150 soil samples were obtained from 3 layers every 50 cm.According to the soil particle size distribution as well as the basic soil physical and chemical index including pH,total soluble solid(TDS),total nitrogen(TN),and water accommodated fraction(θ),the soil fractal dimension,the content of each particle fraction and the soil physicochemical index were measured and analyzed through a multi-factor correlation analysis method.A geostatistics method was applied to the study spatial variation characteristics and distribution rules of soil profile fractal dimensions.[Results]The soil texture of 0—100 cm in the study area is mainly sandy soil and loamy sandy soil,and the soil texture types at different soil depths are basically the same.The fractal dimension of soil(D value)particles in the study area is between 1.672 and 2.785.The D value of soil fractal dimension is significantly positively correlated with clay and silt,and negatively correlated with coarse,medium and fine sand.D value rises with the increase of soil particle content smaller than 0.1 mm particle size and declines with the uplift of soil particle content larger than 0.1 mm particle size.0.1 mm particle size is the boundary value of D value changing with soil particle size.D value is positively correlated withθand NT in 3 soil layers,but not significant with pH and TDS.A strong spatial autocorrelation has been shown in the D value of soil fractal dimension.The fractal dimension of soil is strongly spatial self-correlated,the D value of each layer of soil presents a bar-like mosaic dist

关 键 词：分形维数 空间变异 土壤理化性质 吉兰泰盐湖盆地 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学]