太行山坡地不同植物篱对表层土壤水盐分布影响研究  

Effects of Different Hedgerows on the Distribution of Water and Salt in the Surface Soil of Taihang Hillside

作　　者：李鑫[1] 郭文芳 王佳乐 陈艳梅[1] 刘倩愿 高飞[1] 贺舒蕾 Li Xin;Guo Wenfang;Wang Jiale;Chen Yanmei;Liu Qianyuan;Gao Fei;He Shulei(School of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change,Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学地理科学学院,河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心,河北省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室,石家庄050024

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第6期187-196,共10页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(D2021205006);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2021092);河北师范大学科研基金项目(L2021B24)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究不同植物篱对太行山坡地表层土壤水盐分布影响,为太行山坡地布设最优植物篱和减少水土流失提供理论与实践依据。[方法]以太行山坡度13°、海拔152 m正南坡地的薄荷、白芍、泽兰、艾草、锦灯笼、鱼腥草植物篱小区为研究对象,以空白裸地小区为对照,采集各小区植物和带上、带中、带下0—20 cm土壤,比较分析植物生理特征和土壤水盐特征差异,并采用主成分分析、聚类分析对植物篱影响土壤水盐分布能力进行综合评价。[结果](1)植物篱生理特征存在差异。薄荷、白芍地上、地下、总生物量较高,锦灯笼、鱼腥草则较低;白芍根冠比最高(p<0.05);鱼腥草、锦灯笼植物含水率较高,白芍则最低。(2)植物篱影响坡地土壤水盐分。与空白裸地相比,植物篱带中、带下平均土壤容重降低了9.23%,7.22%;植物篱带中平均自然含水量、饱和持水量、毛管持水量、田间持水量分别增加了8.10%,14.98%,21.49%,19.78%;植物篱带下平均电导率则降低了9.97%。(3)植物篱类型与篱带位置对土壤水盐分布存在交叉影响,其中植物篱类型显著影响自然含水量、饱和持水量、毛管持水量、田间持水量、pH和电导率(p<0.05),篱带位置显著影响电导率(p<0.05),植物类型×篱带位置显著影响自然含水量和电导率(p<0.05)。(4)植物篱生理特征与土壤水盐相关性显著,其地下生物量、根冠比、植物含水率与土壤水盐指标之间多呈显著或极显著相关(p<0.05,p<0.01)。(5)各植物篱对土壤水盐分布影响能力综合排序为:白芍>泽兰>锦灯笼>鱼腥草>薄荷>艾草。[结论]植物篱显著影响坡地表层土壤水盐分布,白芍植物篱对表土水盐分布影响能力最强,艾草植物篱则最弱,因此防治坡地水盐流失可优选白芍植物篱,若采取艾草植物篱则宜采取混交种植模式并合理布局。[Objective]The aims of this sutdy are to explore the effects of different hedgerows on water and salt distribution in surface soil of Taihang Mountains,and to provide theoretical and practical basis for optimal hedgerow layout and soil erosion reduction.[Methods]The hedgerow plots of Mentha haplocalyx Briq.,Paeonia lactiflora Pall.,Ageratina adenophora Spreng,Artemisia argyi,Physalis alkekengi L.and Houttuynia cordata Thunb in the south slope of Taihang Mountain with a slope of 13°and an altitude of 152 meters were taken as the research objects,and the blank bare land plot was taken as the control,the plant samples and 0—20 cm soil with upper,middle and lower belts in each plot were collected.The differences of plant physiological characteristics and soil water and salt characteristics were compared and analyzed.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the influence of hedgerows on soil water and salt distribution.[Results](1)Differences in physiological characteristics of hedgerows were observed.The aboveground,underground and total biomass of Mentha haplocalyx Briq.and Paeonia lactiflora Pall.were higher,while those of Physalis alkekengi L.and Houttuynia cordata Thunb were lower.The root-shoot ratio of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.was the highest(p<0.05).The moisture contents of Physalis alkekengi L.and Houttuynia cordata Thunb were higher,while that of Paeonia lactiflora was the lowest.(2)Hedgerows affected soil water salinity on sloping land.Compared with the blank bare land,the average soil bulk density of the middle and lower hedger ows decreased by 9.23%and 7.22%.The average natural water content,saturated water capacity,capillary water capacity and field water capacity in the hedgerow increased by 8.10%,14.98%,21.49%,and 19.78%,respectively.The average conductivity under the hedgerow decreased by 9.97%.(3)Hedgerow type and hedgerow position had a cross effect on soil water and salt distribution.Hedgerow type significantly affected natural water content,saturate

关 键 词：太行山坡地 植物篱 土壤水盐分布 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S365[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]