17种精油对褶皱臂尾轮虫的杀灭效果试验  

Study on Killing Effect of 17 Essential Oils on Brachionus Plicatilis

作　　者：岳治光 赵聪 温俊奇 孙小帅 许新春 刘喜恒 YUE Zhiguang;ZHAO Cong;WEN Junqi;SUN Xiaoshuai;XU Xinchun;LIU Xiheng(Anjin Bioengineering Co.,Ltd,Zhumadian,Henan 463800,China;Shangcai County Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade,Zhumadian,Henan 463800,China)

机构地区：[1]河南安进生物工程有限公司,河南驻马店463800 [2]上蔡县农业综合行政执法大队,河南驻马店463800

出　　处：《水产养殖》2023年第10期1-7,共7页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0502100)。

摘　　要：为了解17种植物精油对褶皱臂尾轮虫的杀灭效果,设置精油浓度分别为1,10,100和1000 mg/L时,对褶皱臂尾轮虫的杀灭活性进行初筛,并选取杀灭效果较好的精油,对轮虫进行急性毒性试验,研究这几种精油对褶皱臂尾轮虫的杀灭效果(24 h内)和对轮虫种群增长的抑制作用(7 d内)。结果表明,在17种植物精油的初筛中,丁香酚、薄荷醇、柠檬烯、香芹酚、肉桂醛、大蒜素显示出了对褶皱臂尾轮虫高毒性;在急性毒性试验中,测得这6种精油的在24 h时的半致死浓度分别为0.462,0.548,0.600,0.680,0.720和0.841 mg/L;在24 h杀灭试验中,几种精油在绝对致死浓度下,对轮虫的杀灭率随时间的增加而上升,其中丁香酚、薄荷醇精油可在6 h内杀灭所有供试轮虫,显著优于同时间其他处理组(P<0.05);在12 h时,柠檬烯和辛硫磷的杀灭率达到100%,直至24 h时,所有处理组的供试轮虫均死亡。在抑制轮虫群体增长试验中,精油组的轮虫数量增长均小于对照组,其中丁香酚、薄荷醇组的轮虫数量增长缓慢,在第7 d时轮虫密度分别为(12±1.52)和(19.33±1.2)ind/mL,显著小于其他精油组。指出,在17种植物精油中,薄荷醇、丁香酚显示出较强的轮虫杀灭活性,其杀灭效果优于传统杀虫剂辛硫磷,可作为水产养殖中具有潜力的植物源轮虫防控药物。In order to study the killing effect of 17 kinds of essential oils on Brachionus plicatilis,the concentrations of essential oils at 1,10,100 and 1000 mg/L were first screened according to their killing activity against Brachionus plicatilis,and the essential oils with good killing effect were selected for acute toxicity test on rotifers.The killing effect of these essential oils on Brachionus plicatilis(within 24 h)and the inhibitory effect on rotifer population growth(within 7 d)were studied.The results showed that eugenol,menthol,limonene,carvol,cinnamaldehyde and allicin showed high toxicity to Brachionus plicatilis in the preliminary screening of 17 plant essential oils;The LC50 of the six essential oils measured in the acute toxicity test were 0.462,0.548,0.600,0.680,0.720 and 0.841 mg/L,respectively.In the 24 h killing test,the killing rate of several essential oils to rotifers increased with the increase of time at the concentration of LC100.Among them,eugenol and menthol essential oils could kill all the rotifers tested within 6 hours,which was significantly better than other treatment groups at the same time(P<0.05).At 12 hours,the killing rate of limonene and phoxim reached 100%,until 24 hours,all the rotifers tested in all treatment groups died;In the experiment of inhibiting rotifer population growth,the number of rotifers in the essential oil group increased less than that in the control group,and the number of rotifers in the eugenol and menthol group increased slowly.At the 7th day,the rotifer density was(12.00±1.52)and(19.33±1.20)ind/mL,respectively,significantly lower than that in the other essential oil groups.Among 17 kinds of plant essential oils,menthol and eugenol showed strong rotifer killing activity,and their killing effect was better than that of traditional insecticide phoxim,which could be used as potential botanical rotifer control aquaculture.

关 键 词：植物精油 褶皱臂尾轮虫 杀灭活性 轮虫防治 

分 类 号：S852.7[农业科学—基础兽医学]