南朝梁代“公宴”文化与“公宴诗”研究  

A Study of the“Public Banquet”Culture and“Public Banquet Poetry”in the Liang Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties

作　　者：赵建成 孙悠扬 Zhao Jiancheng;Sun Youyang(School of Literature,Nankai University,Nankai,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《西北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期155-163,共9页Journal of Northwest Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：南开大学文科发展基金项目“‘四大名注’引书与先唐学术”(项目编号:ZB21BZ0216)。

摘　　要：魏晋以降,宴饮活动频繁,“公宴”成为士人交往的重要场合。从目前已知的文献来看,“公宴”一词出现的时间相对较晚,其被大量使用至少要在南朝梁代以后。《文选》单列“公宴诗”一类,考究其选录标准可知,梁代所谓“公宴”,主要指皇帝、皇太子所主持的宴会。《梁书》中有大量关于“公宴”的记载,时间上至天监元年(502年),下至大宝元年(550年),几乎贯穿梁代始终,可以呈现出梁代“公宴”文化之繁盛。然而由于先唐文献散佚严重,目前保存的梁代“公宴诗”来源复杂,其可靠性有待商榷,与梁代“公宴”概念本身亦存在些许差异。这些“公宴诗”大多为“游戏”之作,供梁代统治者满足自身的文化娱乐需求。Since the Wei and Jin dynasties,“public banquets”had become an important occasion for scholars to communicate.According to the currently known literature,the term“public banquet”appeared relatively late and was widely used at least after the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.“Public banquet poetry”had been listed as a special category in Wenxuan(the Selections of Refined Literature),and according to its selection criteria,the“public banquet”in the Liang Dynasty mainly refers to banquets hosted by emperors and princes.Liangshu(The Book of Liang)contains a large number of records about“public banquets”,ranging from the first year of Tianjian(502)to the first year of Dabao(550),almost throughout the Liang Dynasty,which can demonstrate the prosperity of the“public banquet”culture of the Liang Dynasty.However,due to the serious loss of documents before the Tang Dynasty,the sources of the current“public banquet poetry”are complex,and its reliability remains to be discussed.They are also different from the very concept of“public banquet”in the Liang Dynasty.Most of these“public banquet poems”were written as works of“games”for the rulers of the Liang Dynasty to meet their own cultural and entertainment needs.

关 键 词：南朝梁代 公宴 公宴诗 《文选》 《梁书》 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]