基于需求可拆分的多车型应急物资配送路径优化研究  

Research on Optimization of Multi-vehicle Emergency Materials Distribution Route Based on Split-Demand

作　　者：曹庆奎[1,2] 张茜茜 任向阳 CAO Qingkui;ZHANG Xixi;REN Xiangyang(Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,Hebei 056038,China;Langfang Normal University,Langfang,Hebei 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038 [2]廊坊师范学院,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《邢台学院学报》2023年第3期178-186,共9页Journal of Xingtai University

基　　金：2022年度河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大项目:区域物流应急配送体系及其资源优化调度研究.项目编号:ZD202105。

摘　　要：在以人道主义为本的应急物资配送过程中,不可忽略灾民心理对决策者行为的影响。为了降低灾民和驾驶员的心理成本同时在配送过程中减少碳排放,考虑动态需求和需求可拆分情况构建了以运输成本与惩罚成本以及碳排放成本之和最低、人们的痛苦效应最低和驾驶员的心理成本最低为目标的多车型应急物资配送优化模型;通过对蚁群进行混沌初始化,引入节约矩阵并根据算法迭代的时期,设置不同的挥发因子,引导蚂蚁选择更为节约的路径,将得到的路径进行排序,对于较优解再次进行局部搜索,提高算法的寻优能力。最后,通过算例仿真验证模型的可行性。结果表明,考虑动态需求和需求可拆分的应急物资配送可以更好满足受灾点对于物资的需求,为解决实际应急物资配送提供决策支持。In the process of humanitarian-oriented distribution of emergency supplies,the influence of the psychology of disaster victims on the behavior of decision makers cannot be ignored.In order to reduce the psychological cost to the victims and drivers while reducing carbon emissions during the distribution process,and considering dynamic demand and split-demand,a multi-vehicle emergency material distribution optimization model is constructed with the objective of minimizing the sum of transportation cost and penalty cost as well as carbon emission cost,minimizing the pain effect of people and minimizing the psychological cost of drivers.By initializing the ant colony with chaos,the author introduces the saving matrix and set different volatility factors according to the period of algorithm iteration to guide the ants to choose a more saving path.The obtained paths are ranked,and the local search is performed again for the better solution to improve the algorithm's merit-seeking ability.Finally,an arithmetic example is given to verify the feasibility of the model.The results show that the emergency material distribution considering dynamic demand and split-demand can better meet the demand for material at the disaster site and provide decision support for solving the actual emergency material distribution.

关 键 词：动态需求 需求可拆分 痛苦心理 应急物资 驾驶员心理成本 

分 类 号：F252[经济管理—国民经济]