Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物的热分解特性  

Study on Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX Nanocomposites

作　　者：罗庆平 龙新平[2] 聂福德[2] 刘桂香 蒋小华[2] 祝明水[2] LUO Qing-ping;LONG Xin-ping;NIE Fu-de;LIU Gui-xiang;JIANG Xiao-hua;ZHU Ming-shui(State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Institute of Chemical Materials,CAEP,Mianyang Sichuan 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第9期811-817,I0002,共8页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然基金面上项目(No.22075230)。

摘　　要：为了获得Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物的热分解反应特性,以环己烷为分散剂,采用超声混合工艺制备了Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物;通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)对其热性能、热分解反应动力学进行了研究,并对纳米铝热剂Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)对RDX的热催化反应机理进行了探讨。结果表明,Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物的起始热反应温度大于200℃,具有良好的热安定性;在Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物的热分解过程中,纳米Fe_(2)O_(3)对RDX的热催化分解作用大幅降低了RDX的分解活化能,导致其热分解反应温度降低;与原料超细RDX热分解相比,Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物中RDX的分解活化能降低了41.63 kJ/mol;多孔高比表面积的纳米Fe_(2)O_(3)与RDX中N—NO 2键的硝基N形成配位络合物,导致RDX中N—NO 2的断裂,加速了RDX的分解,对Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物的热分解反应起着促进作用。In order to obtain the thermal decomposition reaction characteristics of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite,the Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite was prepared by using ultrasonic mixing process with cyclohexane as the dispersing agent.Its thermal performance,thermal decomposition reaction kinetics were studied through differential scanning calorimetric(DSC)method,and the thermal catalytic reaction mechanism of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3) nanothermite on RDX was discussed.The results show that the initial thermal reaction temperature of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite is more than 200℃,which has good thermal stability.In the process of the thermal decomposition of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite,the activation energy of RDX decomposition reaction was greatly reduced by the catalytic effect of nano-Fe_(2)O_(3) on RDX thermal decomposition,leading to the reduction of its thermal decomposition reaction temperature.Compared with the thermal decomposition of raw superfine RDX,the decomposition activation energy of RDX in Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite decreases by 41.63 kJ/mol.The porous nano-sized Fe_(2)O_(3) with high specific surface area with nitro N of N—NO 2 bond in RDX forms a coordination complex,which leads to the fracture of N—NO 2 bond of RDX,accelerating the decomposition of RDX,and promoting the thermal decomposition reaction of Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX nanocomposite.

关 键 词：物理化学 Al/Fe_(2)O_(3)-RDX纳米复合物 纳米铝热剂 起爆药 热性能 热分解反应动力学 催化机理 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]