乡城流动对农村青年性别观念的影响及其异质性——基于CGSS 2012—2018年混合截面数据的分析  

The Impact of Rural-urban Migration on Rural Youth's Gender Attitude and Its Heterogeneity--An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS 2012—2018 Data

作　　者：戴优升 DAI Yousheng

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期35-56,共22页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“乡村振兴战略背景下公众参与农村环境治理的社会机制研究”(18BSH069);中央民族大学博士研究生自主科研项目“早期家庭背景、成年期社会经济地位与健康不平等——基于混合研究进路”(BZKY2021023)。

摘　　要：性别观念是测度主观性别平等的重要标尺。本文利用CGSS 2012—2018年五期混合截面数据,考察了乡城流动对农村青年性别观念的影响及其异质性,检视了“迁徙中国”时代背景下的性别不平等。研究发现:(1)乡城流动对性别观念具有显著的促进作用,该结论在使用工具变量、增强逆概率加权模型克服内生性问题后仍然成立;(2)有限混合模型(FMM)识别出性别观念高均值和低均值两类子群体及其影响模式存在差异,乡城流动只对前者的性别观念产生正向效应,对后者没有显著影响;(3)性别具有显著的调节作用,乡城流动对女性性别观念的正向效应高于男性,并且该作用在性别观念高均值群体中更为明显。相关政策应考虑到子群体和性别双重异质性,扫除青年人性别观念现代化的障碍,提升性别平等的整体水平。This paper uses the CGSS 2012—2018 data to analyze the impact and heterogeneity of rural-urban migration on rural youth's gender attitudes,as to test gender inequality in the context of“Migrating China”.The findings are as follows:(1)Rural-urban migration has a significant positive effect on rural youth's gender attitudes.This effect is still valid after using the AIPW model and IV 2SLS model to deal with endogenous problems;(2)The differences between the two subgroups with high and low average gender attitude and their influence patterns were identified.Rural-urban migration only has a positive effect on the gender attitude of the former,but had no significant effect on the latter;(3)Gender has a significant moderating effect,and the positive effect of rural-urban migration on women's gender attitude is higher than that of men,and the effect is more pronounced in groups with high average gender attitude.Policy suggestions have been put forward to improve the overall level of gender equality.

关 键 词：乡城流动 性别观念 总体性影响 异质性效应 有限混合模型 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理] C913.14[社会学]