基于发展潜力评价与障碍因子识别的村庄分类与发展策略研究——以河南新县为例  

Village classification and development strategies based on the development capacity and obstacle degree:a case study of Xinxian County,Henan Province,China

作　　者：蔡二林 李纪伟 叶青青 陈伟强[1,2] 汶家卉 张帅 张少凯 CAI Erlin;LI Jiwei;YE Qingqing;CHEN Weiqiang;WEN Jiahui;ZHANG Shuai;ZHANG Shaokai(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Land Consolidation and Ecological Restoration,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Engineering Management and Real Estate,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Institute of Geophysical Spatial Information,Zhengzhou 450009,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省土地整治与生态重建工程技术研究中心,郑州450002 [3]河南财经政法大学工程管理与房地产学院,郑州450046 [4]河南省地球物理空间信息研究院,郑州450009

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2023年第5期1040-1052,共13页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41701203);河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目(2019-ZZJH-048);河南农业大学科技创新基金项目(KJCX2018B04)。

摘　　要：科学划分村庄类型并制定针对性的村庄发展策略是分类推进乡村振兴的基础。本研究以河南新县为例,分别采用综合指数法和障碍度模型测算村庄发展潜力,识别阻碍村庄发展的障碍因子类型和数量,并以此为基础进行村庄分类和分区,制定差异化的村庄发展策略。结果表明:新县村庄发展潜力存在明显的地域分异,呈现南北部和县城周边较高、东西部较低的总体空间格局,坡度、地质条件、人口和村庄用地规模、距县城和卫生院距离等是限制新县村庄发展的主要障碍因子,其中东南部的田铺乡和西南部的卡房乡个别村庄障碍因子数较多,未来继续保留发展的难度较大。新县全域村庄划分为特色保护类23个、城郊融合类9个、集聚提升类79个、搬迁撤并类13个、整治改善类69个,占比分别为11.92%、4.66%、40.93%、6.74%、35.75%,并采用SKATER空间聚类算法划分村庄发展分区,在此基础上依据各分区村庄发展特征、优势和短板提出针对性村庄发展策略。本研究可为村庄发展障碍因子识别及乡村振兴精准施策等相关研究和实践提供借鉴。Scientific classification of village types and formulation of village development strategies are the prerequisites for promoting category-wise rural revitalization.Based on the evaluation of village development capacity in Xinxian County,Henan Province,China,this study introduces an obstacle degree model,which identified the types and numbers of factors that hinder the development of each village.Based on the development capacity and obstacle degree,this study classified and zoned the villages to implement targeted policies.The results showed that:the development capacity of villages in Xinxian County had notable regional differentiation,showing a generally higher spatial pattern in the north and south and around the county town,and lower spatial pattern in the east and west;the main obstacle factors were slope,geological conditions,registered population size,rural construction land size,distance from the county town,and distance to the health center,among others.Furthermore,some villages in Tianpu and Kafang had a large number of development obstacles,which would make their future development unsustainable.The villages in the Xinxian County are divided into five categories:characteristic protected villages,suburban integration villages,agglomeration-upgraded villages,relocated villages,and remediation and improvement villages,accounting for 11.92%,4.66%,40.93%,6.74%,and 35.75%of village classification,respectively.Moreover,this study divided Xinxian County into four village development zones using the SKATER spatial clustering algorithm and proposed targeted village development strategies for each of them according to their village development characteristics,advantages,and weaknesses.This study provides a reference for future research studies aimed at developing practices related to the identification of village development obstacle factors and formulation of targeted strategies for rural revitalization.

关 键 词：村庄分类 障碍度模型 村庄发展潜力 SKATER空间聚类算法 乡村振兴 新县 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F327[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]