Skeletal muscle mechanisms contributing to improved glycemic control following intense interval exercise and training  

作　　者：Hashim Islam Jenna B.Gillen 

机构地区：[1]School of Health and Exercise Sciences,Faculty of Health and Social Development,University of British Columbia Okanagan,Kelowna,BC,Canada [2]Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education,University of Toronto,Toronto,ON,Canada

出　　处：《Sports Medicine and Health Science》2023年第1期20-28,共9页运动医学与健康科学（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(RGPIN-2020-05779).

摘　　要：High-intensity and sprint interval training(HIIT and SIT,respectively)enhance insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in both healthy adults and those with cardiometabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of intense interval training on glycemic control include both improvements seen in the hours to days following a single session of HIIT/SIT and those which accrue with chronic training.Skeletal muscle is the largest site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and plays an integral role in the beneficial effects of exercise on glycemic control.Here we summarize the skeletal muscle responses that contribute to improved glycemic control during and following a single session of interval exercise and evaluate the relationship between skeletal muscle remodelling and improved insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT training interventions.Recent evidence suggests that targeting skeletal muscle mechanisms via nutritional interventions around exercise,particularly with carbohydrate manipulation,can enhance the acute glycemic benefits of HIIT.There is also some evidence of sex-based differences in the glycemic benefits of intense interval exercise,with blunted responses observed after training in females relative to males.Differences in skeletal muscle metabolism between males and females may contribute to sex differences in insulin sensitivity following HIIT/SIT,but well-controlled studies evaluating purported muscle mechanisms alongside measurement of insulin sensitivity are needed.Given the greater representation of males in muscle physiology literature,there is also a need for more research involving female-only cohorts to enhance our basic understanding of how intense interval training influences muscle insulin sensitivity in females across the lifespan.

关 键 词：HIIT Insulin sensitivity Type 2 diabetes NUTRITION Sex differences 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]