论中国古代国家山水祭祀格局下的济渎祭祀  

Study on the Jidu Sacrifice under the Ancient Chinese State Ritual System to Mountain and Water Spirits

作　　者：李腾 LI Teng(College of Marxism,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,Hebei;College of Marxism,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050043,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学马克思主义学院,河北石家庄050043 [2]河北师范大学马克思主义学院,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《济源职业技术学院学报》2023年第3期85-92,共8页Journal of Jiyuan Vocational and Technical College

基　　金：河北省社科基金青年项目(HB22SH025)。

摘　　要：山水祭祀从先秦时代就成为传统中国国家祭祀的一部分。春秋时期就已有祭祀济渎的记载,到西汉宣帝朝正式确定五岳四渎的祀典规制,王朝国家祭祀济渎由此肇始。济渎祭祀的制度性变革发生在隋唐时期,从渎令的设置,到唐代礼书对具体仪式的规范,再到朝廷册封济渎,济渎祭祀日益规范化,并为后世所沿袭。对历代朝廷而言,济渎是彰显政权合法性的符号,祭祀仪式则是沟通天地的有效手段。因而,从西汉到清代,王朝国家祭祀济渎的传统延续两千多年,成为国家祭祀不可或缺的一部分。The state ritual system to mountain and water spirits was a part of traditional Chinese national Sacrifice before the Qin dynasty.In the Spring and Autumn period,there were records of sacrificing Jidu.By the time Emperor Xuandi of the Western Han Dynasty officially established the sacrificial code regulation of the Five Mountains and Four Waters,the national sacrificing Jidu began.The institutional change of Jidu sacrifice took place in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.From the setting of the order of Du,to the regulation of specific ceremonies in the ritual books of the Tang Dynasty,and then to the conferment of Jidu by the imperial court,Jidu sacrifice became increasingly standardized and followed by later generations.For the dynasties,Jidu is a symbol to highlight the legitimacy of the regime,and sacrificial rites are an effective means to communicate between heaven and earth.Therefore,from the Western Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,the tradition of sacrificing Jidu by the state lasts for more than 2000 years and becomes an indispensable part of the national sacrifice.

关 键 词：山水祭祀 济渎 国家祭祀 仪式 官方册封 

分 类 号：K296.1[历史地理—历史学]