表面活性剂协同荷电水雾增效除尘实验研究  

Experimental study on synergistic enhancement of dust removal by surface active agent and charged water mist

作　　者：丁厚成[1] 章成浩 邓权龙 许婉萍 李寅 夏旭 DING Hou-cheng;ZHANG Cheng-hao;DENG Quan-long;XU Wan-ping;LI Yin;XIA Xu(Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University of Technology,AnHui 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第10期5207-5213,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0052);安徽省大学生创新训练项目(S202210360228)。

摘　　要：为研究湿式电除尘效率和应用范围的拓展特性,设计了针对铁矿粉尘的表面活性剂协同荷电水雾除尘实验装置,采用表面活性剂增效润湿、水膜捕尘、荷电捕尘理论,探究了风速、电压、喷雾压力和格栅目数对除尘性能的影响.实验中优选复配表面活性剂溶液,选取了0.3%LAB SA/0.5%X-100、0.3%LAB SA/0.5%AES、0.5%X-100/0.5%AES三种复配溶液进行荷电水雾除尘实验.结果表明:复合电除尘可以在提高处理风量的同时增加除尘效率,风速在0.8m/s以前与除尘效率正相关;复配溶液在水压为6MPa时都达到除尘效率最大,其中以0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES表现最为突出,其除尘效率相较于水提升达到15.36%,不同水压的平均除尘效率提高也达到了11.73%;复合电除尘除尘效率与电压在40kV之前正相关,超过后会发生电晕放电,降低除尘效率;当格栅孔径大小为40目时除尘效率最大,其中复配溶液0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES达到了96.74%的除尘效率,继续减小孔径反而会减小除尘效率;对粉尘润湿性越强的表面活性剂参与除尘后对除尘效率提升越大.To study the dust removal efficiency and application range expansion of wet electrostatic precipitators,an experimental device was designed for surface-active agent synergistic charged water mist dust removal targeting iron ore dust,using surface-active agent-enhanced wetting,water film capture,and charged capture theories.The effects of wind speed,voltage,spray pressure,and grid number on dust removal performance were investigated.In the experiment,a series of composite surface-active agent solutions were tested,including 0.3%LABSA/0.5%X-100,0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES,and 0.5%X-100/0.5%AES,for charged water mist dust removal.The results showed that composite electrostatic precipitators could improve dust removal efficiency while increasing treatment air volume.Wind speed was positively correlated with dust removal efficiency below 0.8m/s.The composite solution achieved the highest dust removal efficiency at a water pressure of 6MPa,with 0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES performing the best,increasing dust removal efficiency by 15.36%compared to water,with an average improvement of 11.73%for different water pressures.The dust removal efficiency of the composite electrostatic precipitator was positively correlated with voltage before 40kV,but decreased after due to corona discharge.The grid with a pore size of 40mesh had the highest dust removal efficiency.Among the composite solutions,0.3%LABSA/0.5%AES achieved a dust removal efficiency of 96.74%,and reducing the pore size further decreased the dust removal efficiency.The stronger the wetting ability of the surface active agent on dust,the greater the improvement in dust removal efficiency when it is involved in the dust removal process.

关 键 词：复合电除尘 喷雾 表面活性剂 金属网栅 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]