船用大功率低速机重油颗粒物排放的物理和化学特性研究  

Study on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Heavy Fuel Oil Particulate Matter Emissions of A Large Power Low-Speed Marine Engine

作　　者：吴刚[1] 李姣秀 马千里 陈晓东 WU Gang;LI Jiaoxiu;MA Qianli;CHEN Xiaodong(College of Merchant Marine,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;PolarResearch Center of China,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306 [2]中国极地研究中心,上海201209

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2023年第5期88-94,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：上海市科技创新计划项目(20DZ2252300)。

摘　　要：为了深入探究大功率低速机重油(heavy fuel oil,HFO)的颗粒物排放的理化特性,通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)和能量色散X射线光谱(energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,EDS)对低速机重油颗粒的微观形态、表面官能团及表面元素等理化学特性进行分析,并与车用高速机的柴油颗粒特性进行对比。结果表明,大功率船用低速机重油颗粒中,发现了不同于车用柴油颗粒的团聚态的单独大尺寸球形颗粒形态,尺寸约3μm。重油颗粒表面吸附的元素除大量C、O元素外,还发现一定量的Si、Ca、Cu、Al、Na、Zn、Ba、Cl、K、S等其他元素。这些元素与燃料本身及气缸润滑有关,使重油颗粒具有更高的毒性。在重油颗粒中,没有明显发现1750 cm^(-1)~1630 cm^(-1)谱范围内的C=O键。In order to clarify the physicochemical characteristics of the particulate matter emissions of heavy fuel oil(HFO)of a large power low-speed engine,the microscopic morphology,surface functional groups and surface elements of HFO particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and were compared with the diesel particulate matter characteristics of high-speed engines in vehicles.The results showed that the HFO particles of the large-power low-speed marine engine were in the agglomerated state with individual large spherical particles of about 3μm diameter,which were found to be different from those of automotive diesel particles.In addition to a large number of C and O elements adsorbed on the surface of HFO particles,a certain amount of Si,Ca,Cu,Al,Na,Zn,Ba,Cl,K,S and other elements were also found.These elements are related to the fuel itself and the cylinder lubrication,so the heavy fuel oil particles have higher toxicity.No obvious C=O in the spectral range of 1750 cm^(-1)~1630 cm^(-1)was found in the HFO particles.

关 键 词：大型船舶 低速机 颗粒 重油 微观形态 元素组成 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]