小型通用汽油机颗粒物排放与汽油机颗粒捕集器净化研究  

Study on Particulate Matter Emission Characteristics and Filtration Characteristics of the Gasoline Particulate Filter of A Small Utility Gasoline Engine

作　　者：彭美春[1] 肖过黄 阳晨 王海龙[1] PENG Meichun;XIAO Guohuang;YANG Chen;WANG Hailong(School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2023年第5期95-100,共6页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：广东省环保科技项目(GPCGD161115FG359F)。

摘　　要：以一台小型发电机用汽油机为样机开展颗粒物排放特性研究,探究汽油机颗粒捕集器(gasoline particulate filter,GPF)对排气颗粒物的净化特性。设计六工况排放试验循环,测试汽油机在匹配与未匹配GPF两种状态下的颗粒物排放。研究发现原机颗粒物数量(particle number,PN)比排放为3.7×10^(12)个/(kW‧h),颗粒物质量(particulate mass,PM)比排放为2.2 mg/(kW‧h)。PN、PM排放均随负荷升高呈先下降再上升趋势,低负荷时排放浓度最高,中等负荷最低。粒径小于312.7 nm的PN之和占总PN的99.5%以上,大于312.7 nm的PM之和占总PM的91.4%~98.7%,表明超细微粒子数多,但质量占比小。PN排放浓度随颗粒物粒径增大而降低,而PM排放浓度在低负荷时随粒径增大先增加后降低再增加,中高负荷时则随粒径增大而增大。安装GPF对PN的综合净化率为73.7%,对PM的综合净化率为59.7%。GPF对粒径在50 nm以下的核态粒子的捕集效率高于粒径更粗的积聚态和粗糙态粒子。A small gasoline engine for generator was used to study the emission characteristics of particulate matter and investigate the filtration characteristics of gasoline particulate filter(GPF)on exhaust particulate matter.A six-condition emission test cycle was designed to test the particulate matter emissions of the gasoline engines equipped with and without GPF.It is found that the specific emission of particulate number(PN)is 3.7×10^(12)#/(kW‧h),and that of particulate mass(PM)is 2.2 mg/(kW‧h).Both PN and PM concentrations show a decreasing and then increasing trend with increasing load,with the highest emission concentrations at low loads and the lowest at medium loads.The number of particles whose diameters are smaller than 312.7 nm accounts for more than 99.5%of the total PN,and the mass of paritcles whose diameters are larger than 312.7 nm accounts for 91.4%~98.7%of the total PM.It indicates that the number of ultrafine particles is large,but the mass of ultrafine particles is low.The PN emission concentration decreases with increasing particle size.The PM emission concentration first increases,then decreases and increases again with increasing particle size at low loads,and increases with increasing particle size at medium and high loads.The filtration efficiency of GPF is 73.7%for PN and 59.7%for PM.GPF has higher filtration efficiency for nuclear particles whose diameters are below 50 nm than the accumulation and coarse particles.

关 键 词：小型通用汽油机 颗粒物 排放 汽油机颗粒捕集器 净化特性 

分 类 号：TK417[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]